A client has a new prescription for Nifedipine. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, can lead to peripheral edema as an adverse effect. The nurse should monitor the client for swelling in the lower extremities, as it indicates the onset of edema. Hypertension is typically treated with Nifedipine and is not an adverse effect of the medication. Hyperglycemia and bradycardia are not commonly associated with Nifedipine use.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Tachycardia. Hydralazine is a direct-acting vasodilator that works by relaxing the smooth muscle in blood vessels, leading to vasodilation and subsequently decreased blood pressure. One common adverse effect of Hydralazine is reflex tachycardia, where the body compensates for the sudden drop in blood pressure by increasing the heart rate. Option B) Hyperglycemia is not typically associated with Hydralazine use. Hydralazine's primary impact is on blood pressure regulation, not glucose levels. Option C) Hyponatremia is also not a common adverse effect of Hydralazine. This medication primarily affects blood pressure by dilating blood vessels and does not directly impact sodium levels in the body. Option D) Constipation is not a known adverse effect of Hydralazine. Constipation is more commonly associated with medications that affect the gastrointestinal system. Educationally, understanding the common side effects of medications is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care to clients. Teaching clients about potential adverse effects empowers them to monitor for and report any concerning symptoms promptly. This knowledge helps prevent complications and ensures optimal medication management for improved health outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed Nitrofurantoin is to take the medication with food. Taking Nitrofurantoin with food helps enhance absorption and reduces the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. It is important for the nurse to emphasize this instruction to ensure the client benefits optimally from the medication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct instruction the nurse should provide to the client prescribed Ciprofloxacin is option B: Avoid taking this medication with dairy products. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, and consuming dairy products close in time to taking this medication can reduce its absorption and effectiveness. Option A, taking the medication with meals, is not recommended for Ciprofloxacin as it can reduce absorption. Option C, taking the medication at bedtime, does not have any specific relevance to this medication. Option D, increasing intake of potassium-rich foods, is not directly related to the administration of Ciprofloxacin. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers to understand the pharmacokinetics of medications to ensure their optimal effectiveness. Providing accurate instructions on medication administration empowers clients to take their medications correctly and achieve the desired therapeutic outcomes. Nurses play a vital role in medication education and adherence, thus enhancing patient safety and well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with a new prescription for Phenytoin is to brush and floss their teeth regularly. Phenytoin is known to cause gingival hyperplasia, a condition that affects the gums. By maintaining good oral hygiene practices such as regular brushing and flossing, the client can help minimize the risk of developing this side effect.