A client has a new prescription for Maraviroc to treat HIV infection. The healthcare provider should monitor the client for which of the following adverse reactions?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and the use of Maraviroc to treat HIV infection, monitoring for severe allergic reactions is crucial. Maraviroc is known to potentially cause hypersensitivity reactions, ranging from mild rash to severe anaphylaxis. Monitoring for these reactions is essential to prevent serious outcomes and provide timely intervention. The other options, such as liver failure, kidney failure, and pancreatitis, while potential adverse effects of some medications, are not typically associated with Maraviroc use. Understanding the specific adverse reaction profile of each drug is essential for healthcare providers to ensure appropriate monitoring and management strategies are in place. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of pharmacovigilance and individual drug profiles. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to be knowledgeable about the adverse effects of specific medications to provide safe and effective care to their patients. By understanding the unique adverse reaction profile of each drug, healthcare providers can tailor their monitoring practices and interventions to optimize patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Chronic kidney disease is a contraindication for the use of Epoetin Alfa because it can worsen hypertension, increase the risk of cardiovascular events, and lead to adverse outcomes. Epoetin Alfa is used to treat anemia by stimulating red blood cell production, but in the presence of chronic kidney disease, it can exacerbate hypertension and contribute to cardiovascular complications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Warfarin interacts with vitamin K, so clients should be instructed to avoid foods high in vitamin K. This is because vitamin K can interfere with the anticoagulant effects of Warfarin. It is important to maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-containing foods to keep the medication working effectively. Therefore, the correct statement for the nurse to include in the teaching is to advise the client to avoid foods high in vitamin K while taking Warfarin.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct instruction for the nurse to include for a client with a new prescription for Nitroglycerin to treat angina is to apply the patch to a different site each time (Option C). This instruction is crucial because nitroglycerin patches should be rotated to prevent skin irritation and tolerance development. By applying the patch to different sites, the client can ensure optimal absorption and effectiveness of the medication. Option A is incorrect because nitroglycerin is often prescribed as a preventive medication for angina, not just to be taken when chest pain occurs. It is important for the client to follow a prescribed dosing schedule to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. Option B is incorrect because nitroglycerin should be stored in its original container at room temperature, not necessarily in a cool, dry place. Storing it appropriately helps maintain its stability and effectiveness. Option D is incorrect because while alcohol consumption should generally be limited when taking medications, it is not specifically contraindicated with nitroglycerin. However, it is always important for clients to consult healthcare providers about potential interactions with specific medications. Educationally, understanding the proper administration, storage, and potential interactions of medications like nitroglycerin is essential for nursing practice. Providing accurate instructions to clients ensures their safety, adherence to treatment regimens, and optimal therapeutic outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology, it is crucial for nurses to understand the adverse effects of medications to ensure patient safety. In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Visual disturbances. Digoxin, a medication commonly used to treat heart failure, can lead to visual disturbances as an adverse effect. This is due to its potential to cause toxicity, which can manifest as changes in vision. Monitoring for visual disturbances is crucial as it can indicate digoxin toxicity, prompting the need for dosage adjustments or discontinuation of the medication. Option B) Dry cough is not typically associated with digoxin use. Dry cough is more commonly seen with medications like ACE inhibitors. Option C) Confusion is not a typical adverse effect of digoxin. Confusion may be seen in conditions like delirium or electrolyte imbalances but is not directly related to digoxin use. Option D) Urinary retention is also not a common adverse effect of digoxin. Urinary retention is more commonly associated with medications that affect the smooth muscle tone of the bladder. Educationally, understanding the adverse effects of medications like digoxin is essential for nurses to provide safe and effective care. Regular monitoring and assessment for these adverse effects can help prevent complications and improve patient outcomes.