A client has a new prescription for Losartan. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "I should monitor my blood pressure weekly," is the correct answer. This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because Losartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker commonly used to treat hypertension. Monitoring blood pressure regularly is crucial when taking antihypertensive medications to assess the drug's effectiveness and adjust the dosage if needed. By monitoring blood pressure weekly, the client can track changes and provide valuable information to their healthcare provider. Option A, "I will increase my intake of potassium-rich foods," is incorrect because Losartan can cause hyperkalemia (high potassium levels), so increasing potassium-rich foods can exacerbate this condition and lead to serious complications. Option B, "I will take the medication with a full glass of milk," is incorrect because Losartan should be taken with water and not with milk or other beverages. Milk may interfere with the absorption of the medication and reduce its effectiveness. Option D, "I will take the medication every other day," is incorrect because Losartan is typically prescribed for daily use to maintain a consistent therapeutic level in the body and effectively control blood pressure over time. In an educational context, understanding the importance of proper medication administration and monitoring is essential for clients to achieve optimal treatment outcomes. Teaching clients about their medications empowers them to take an active role in their health management and promotes medication adherence and safety. Regular monitoring, as indicated in the correct answer, is a key component of pharmacological therapy for conditions like hypertension.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Avoid drinking grapefruit juice. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker commonly prescribed for hypertension and angina. Grapefruit juice contains compounds that can inhibit the enzyme responsible for metabolizing Amlodipine, leading to increased drug levels in the body and potential toxicity. Option A) Take the medication at bedtime is incorrect because Amlodipine can be taken at any time of the day, but consistency in dosing time is important to maintain therapeutic levels. Option C) Increase your intake of high-sodium foods is incorrect as high-sodium foods can worsen hypertension, which is why Amlodipine, as an antihypertensive, aims to control blood pressure by reducing sodium and fluid retention. Option D) Expect a dry cough is incorrect because Amlodipine is not associated with cough as an adverse effect; dry cough is more commonly linked to ACE inhibitors. By understanding the interactions and side effects of Amlodipine and grapefruit juice, nurses can provide comprehensive discharge education to ensure optimal medication outcomes for the client.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A) Take the medication before meals. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce stomach acid production. Taking it before meals maximizes its effectiveness by ensuring it is present when the stomach is producing the most acid during digestion. This timing helps in managing conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and ulcers. Option B) You may experience a rapid heart rate is incorrect because rapid heart rate is not a common side effect of Omeprazole. This statement could cause unnecessary anxiety in the client. Option C) Increase your intake of high-calcium foods is incorrect because while Omeprazole can affect calcium absorption, advising to increase high-calcium foods may not address the issue adequately. It is better to discuss calcium supplementation with the healthcare provider. Option D) Expect your urine to turn orange is incorrect because Omeprazole does not typically cause urine discoloration. Providing this information may lead to confusion and unnecessary concern for the client. Educational Context: Understanding the correct timing and administration of medications is crucial for their effectiveness. Teaching clients about the rationale behind medication instructions empowers them to take an active role in their treatment and promotes better health outcomes. In the case of Omeprazole, instructing clients to take it before meals ensures optimal therapeutic effects and improves compliance with the prescribed regimen.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction to include when teaching a client with a new prescription for Sulfasalazine is to expect orange discoloration of urine and skin. Sulfasalazine can cause this harmless side effect, which does not necessitate discontinuation of the medication. It is crucial for the nurse to educate the client about this expected outcome to prevent unnecessary concern or discontinuation of the medication.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Slow acetylators have reduced hepatic N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) activity, affecting metabolism of drugs like hydralazine, isoniazid, and procainamide. In European Caucasians, prevalence is actually 50-60%, not 15-20%, making that statement inaccurate. Gold treatment side effects like thrombocytopenia or nephrotic syndrome aren't strongly linked to acetylation status, but rather to immune responses, so that's less relevant. Halothane hepatotoxicity relates to immune-mediated reactions or metabolites, not acetylation speed. Hydralazine, metabolized by NAT2, accumulates in slow acetylators, increasing risk of drug-induced lupus with antinuclear antibodies (ANA), a well-documented association. Agranulocytosis with clozapine isn't tied to acetylation but to idiosyncratic reactions. The ANA risk with hydralazine is the most accurate, reflecting its pharmacogenetic implications, critical for personalized dosing and monitoring.