A client has a new prescription for Losartan. Which of the following instructions should be included?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed Losartan is to monitor for signs of dehydration. Losartan can lead to dehydration, so it is essential for the client to be vigilant for symptoms such as dry mouth, increased thirst, and decreased urine output. Providing this instruction ensures the client's safety and helps in early identification of any potential issues related to dehydration.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to avoid taking Levofloxacin with dairy products. This is because calcium in dairy products can interfere with the absorption of the medication. Patients should be advised to take Levofloxacin either 1 hour before or 2 hours after consuming dairy products to ensure optimal effectiveness.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Enoxaparin is a medication that should be administered as a subcutaneous injection in the abdomen to prevent bleeding complications. Massaging the injection site after administration should be avoided to reduce the risk of local irritation or bleeding. Rotating injection sites between the arms and thighs is a good practice for some medications but not recommended for Enoxaparin, which should be consistently given in the abdomen for optimal absorption and to avoid complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In caring for a client prescribed Digoxin, monitoring for potential toxicity is crucial. The correct answer is A) Bradycardia. Digoxin toxicity often presents with cardiac symptoms, including bradycardia, as it is a cardiac glycoside that can cause conduction abnormalities. Monitoring the client's heart rate is essential to detect early signs of toxicity. Option B) Hypertension is incorrect because Digoxin toxicity typically presents with bradycardia and not hypertension. Option C) Hypoglycemia is incorrect as Digoxin toxicity does not directly affect blood glucose levels. Option D) Hypercalcemia is incorrect because Digoxin toxicity does not commonly lead to elevated calcium levels. In an educational context, understanding the specific signs and symptoms of Digoxin toxicity is vital for healthcare professionals to provide safe and effective care to clients on this medication. Monitoring and recognizing these signs early can prevent serious complications and guide appropriate interventions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pharmacology, it is crucial for nurses to understand the potential adverse effects of medications to provide safe and effective care to their patients. In the case of Enalapril, a common adverse effect to monitor for is a dry cough. Enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, and dry cough is a well-known side effect of this class of medications. It occurs due to the accumulation of bradykinin, a substance that causes irritation in the airways. Weight gain, diarrhea, and nausea are not typically associated with Enalapril use. Weight gain is not a common side effect of ACE inhibitors; in fact, they are more likely to cause weight loss. Diarrhea and nausea are also not commonly linked to Enalapril use. Understanding these specific adverse effects helps nurses differentiate and identify potential complications related to medication therapy. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of pharmacological knowledge in nursing practice. Nurses must be able to recognize common adverse effects of medications to provide comprehensive care, monitor for complications, and intervene promptly to ensure patient safety and well-being. This reinforces the need for ongoing education and training in pharmacology to enhance nursing proficiency in medication management.