A client has a new prescription for Hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding the appropriate instructions for medication administration is crucial for ensuring patient safety and efficacy. For the question regarding a new prescription for Hydrochlorothiazide, the correct instruction to include is to "Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods" (Option B). The rationale behind this is that Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can cause potassium loss through increased urination. Therefore, advising the client to consume more potassium-rich foods helps prevent hypokalemia, a potential side effect of the medication. Option A, "Take the medication in the morning," is not specifically related to Hydrochlorothiazide administration. Diuretics, in general, are often recommended to be taken in the morning to prevent nocturia, but this instruction is not specific to this medication. Option C, "Expect decreased urination within the first few days," is incorrect because Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that actually increases urine output, not decreases it. This option provides inaccurate information regarding the medication's expected effect. Option D, "Avoid foods high in potassium," is also incorrect as it contradicts the correct instruction. While some medications, like potassium-sparing diuretics, require patients to limit potassium intake, Hydrochlorothiazide necessitates an increase in potassium-rich foods to counteract potential electrolyte imbalances. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to understand the pharmacological implications of medication instructions to provide safe and effective care to their patients. By comprehensively explaining the rationale behind each instruction, nurses can ensure optimal patient outcomes and medication adherence.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C) Report bone pain to your healthcare provider. Filgrastim is a medication that stimulates the production of white blood cells and is commonly used to prevent infection in patients receiving chemotherapy. Bone pain is a common side effect of Filgrastim and can be indicative of a serious condition known as splenic rupture. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to report any bone pain to their healthcare provider promptly to prevent complications. Option A) Take this medication with food is incorrect because Filgrastim is typically administered via injection and is not affected by food intake. Option B) Avoid taking this medication with orange juice is incorrect as there is no known interaction between Filgrastim and orange juice. Option D) Expect a persistent cough while taking this medication is incorrect as cough is not a common side effect of Filgrastim. In an educational context, understanding the side effects and proper administration of medications is crucial for safe and effective patient care. By emphasizing the importance of reporting bone pain while taking Filgrastim, healthcare providers can ensure that patients receive timely intervention and appropriate management of any potential complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pharmacology, it is crucial to provide comprehensive patient education to ensure safe and effective medication use. In the case of Tetracycline, the correct instruction is to "Avoid prolonged sun exposure." Tetracycline is known to cause photosensitivity, making the skin more sensitive to sunlight and increasing the risk of sunburn and skin damage. This precaution is essential to prevent adverse reactions and ensure the client's safety. Option A, "Take the medication with milk," is incorrect because Tetracycline should not be taken with dairy products or antacids containing calcium, magnesium, or aluminum as they can bind to the medication and reduce its absorption in the body. Option C, "Take the medication at bedtime," is incorrect as Tetracycline is typically recommended to be taken on an empty stomach, either 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals, to optimize absorption. Option D, "Expect urine to turn dark yellow," is incorrect as Tetracycline does not typically cause changes in urine color. Providing accurate information to clients about their medications is crucial for promoting adherence and preventing potential drug interactions or adverse effects. This educational context emphasizes the importance of understanding medication instructions to ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding the rationale behind medication instructions is crucial for safe and effective patient care. In this scenario, the correct instruction for a client prescribed Acyclovir is to increase fluid intake during therapy (Option B). Acyclovir is an antiviral medication commonly used to treat infections like herpes. Increasing fluid intake helps prevent kidney damage by ensuring the medication is adequately diluted and excreted. Option A is incorrect because Acyclovir is typically prescribed for short-term use to treat acute viral infections, not long-term. Option C is incorrect as Acyclovir does not require abstaining from sexual contact. Option D is incorrect because nausea is not a common or severe side effect of Acyclovir warranting immediate consultation. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding medication-specific instructions to promote patient safety and optimal outcomes. Nurses need to be knowledgeable about medication administration, including appropriate patient education regarding dosage, side effects, and necessary precautions. Through this rationale, students can grasp the significance of tailored medication instructions based on the drug's pharmacological properties.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, can cause peripheral edema (swelling of the ankles) as a side effect. This occurs due to the dilation of blood vessels and increased fluid retention. It is important for the client to monitor for ankle swelling as it could indicate a potential adverse reaction to the medication. Reporting this side effect to the healthcare provider is crucial to ensure appropriate management and potential adjustment of the treatment plan.