A client has a new prescription for Docusate Sodium. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed Docusate Sodium is to take the medication with a full glass of water. Docusate sodium is a stool softener, and taking it with water helps to soften the stool and make bowel movements easier. It is important to ensure an adequate intake of fluids when taking stool softeners to prevent constipation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Dry cough. Enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor commonly prescribed for hypertension and heart failure. One of the most common adverse effects of ACE inhibitors like Enalapril is a persistent dry cough, which occurs due to the accumulation of bradykinin in the lungs. This side effect is unique to ACE inhibitors and can be bothersome for patients. Now, let's discuss why the other options are incorrect: - B) Hyperglycemia is not a common adverse effect of Enalapril. In fact, ACE inhibitors are known to have a neutral or even beneficial effect on blood glucose levels. - C) Weight gain is not a typical adverse effect of Enalapril. In fact, ACE inhibitors are often associated with weight loss or maintenance. - D) Increased urination is not a common adverse effect of Enalapril. ACE inhibitors do not typically have a diuretic effect. Educationally, understanding the common adverse effects of medications is crucial for nurses to educate patients on what to expect and monitor for. By knowing the specific side effects of Enalapril, nurses can provide targeted and effective patient education, leading to better medication adherence and management of potential complications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pharmacology, it is crucial to provide accurate and detailed instructions to clients regarding their medications. In the case of iron supplements, option C, which states "Increase fiber intake to prevent constipation," is the correct instruction to include in the teaching. Iron supplements commonly cause constipation as a side effect, so increasing fiber intake can help alleviate this issue by promoting regular bowel movements. Option A, "Take the medication with a glass of milk," is incorrect because calcium in milk can interfere with iron absorption. Option B, "Avoid taking the medication with orange juice," is also incorrect because vitamin C in orange juice actually enhances iron absorption. Option D, "Expect stools to be bright red," is inaccurate as iron supplements typically cause stools to turn dark or black, not bright red. In an educational context, teaching clients about the proper administration of medications is essential to ensure therapeutic effectiveness and prevent adverse reactions. By explaining the rationale behind each instruction, clients can better understand and adhere to the medication regimen, leading to improved health outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Alteplase is a thrombolytic agent used to dissolve blood clots. Patients receiving Alteplase are at risk for bleeding complications, including intracranial bleeding. Monitoring for changes in the level of consciousness is crucial as it can indicate early signs of bleeding, such as increased intracranial pressure. This rapid assessment allows for timely intervention and prevention of further complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed Rifampin is to expect orange discoloration of urine. Rifampin is known to cause harmless discoloration of bodily fluids, including urine, which is a common side effect of this medication. It is important for the nurse to educate the client about this expected side effect to prevent unnecessary concern or discontinuation of the medication.