A client has a new prescription for Dabigatran. Which of the following instructions should be included?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Take the medication with food. This instruction is crucial because Dabigatran is an oral anticoagulant that can irritate the stomach lining, potentially leading to gastrointestinal upset. Taking the medication with food helps to minimize this side effect and enhances absorption. Option B) Store the capsules in a pill organizer is incorrect because while it is a good practice for medication organization, it is not directly related to the safe and effective use of Dabigatran. Option C) Crush the medication before swallowing is incorrect because Dabigatran should not be crushed as it is available in a specific formulation for controlled release. Crushing the medication can alter its pharmacokinetics and may lead to erratic drug levels in the body. Option D) Expect frequent headaches while taking this medication is incorrect because headaches are not a common side effect of Dabigatran. Providing this information without evidence may cause unnecessary anxiety in the client. In an educational context, it is important to emphasize the significance of following specific instructions for each medication to ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes and minimize potential risks. Understanding the rationale behind these instructions helps in promoting safe medication administration practices and patient compliance.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Expect a persistent, dry cough.' Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, commonly causes a persistent, dry cough as a side effect. This should be reported to the healthcare provider if it becomes bothersome. It is essential for the nurse to educate the client about this potential side effect so the client is aware and can seek appropriate guidance if needed.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction when teaching a client about Clonidine is to expect to feel drowsy or lightheaded. Clonidine can cause these side effects, especially when starting the medication. The nurse should advise the client to avoid activities that require alertness until they understand how the medication affects them.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In teaching a client prescribed Lisinopril, it is crucial to include instructions on monitoring for a persistent cough. This is because Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, is known to cause a dry, persistent cough as a common side effect. Educating the client about this potential adverse effect empowers them to recognize it early and seek medical advice promptly. Option A, taking the medication at bedtime, is not directly related to Lisinopril administration. Lisinopril is typically taken once a day, so the timing of administration can be personalized based on the client's routine and preferences. Option C, expecting increased appetite, is not a common side effect of Lisinopril. In fact, ACE inhibitors like Lisinopril may cause a decrease in appetite as a side effect, although this is less common than other side effects. Option D, avoiding foods high in potassium, is not specifically required for clients taking Lisinopril. While some medications like potassium-sparing diuretics may necessitate potassium restriction, Lisinopril does not typically require avoiding potassium-rich foods. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind each instruction helps the nurse effectively communicate essential information to the client, promoting medication adherence and optimal health outcomes. By providing accurate and detailed instructions, nurses can empower clients to manage their medications safely and effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Monitor your blood pressure regularly. Rationale: Hydralazine is an antihypertensive medication used to treat high blood pressure. Monitoring blood pressure regularly is crucial because hydralazine helps lower blood pressure, and monitoring ensures that the medication is effectively managing the condition. By monitoring blood pressure, the client and healthcare provider can assess the drug's efficacy and adjust the dosage if needed to achieve optimal blood pressure control. Option A) Take the medication at bedtime is incorrect because hydralazine is typically prescribed to be taken multiple times a day to maintain consistent blood levels and control blood pressure throughout the day. Option C) Expect to have increased energy levels is incorrect because hydralazine is not known to increase energy levels. In fact, some clients may experience side effects such as dizziness or fatigue. Option D) Avoid foods high in potassium is incorrect because hydralazine does not directly interact with potassium levels in the body. However, it is essential for clients taking hydralazine to follow a balanced diet recommended for managing hypertension. Educational Context: Understanding medication instructions is crucial for clients to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes. Nurses play a vital role in educating clients about their medications to ensure safe and effective treatment. Monitoring blood pressure regularly empowers clients to actively participate in their care and helps healthcare providers make informed decisions about medication management. This question highlights the importance of patient education and monitoring in pharmacological management, emphasizing the role of the nurse in promoting medication adherence and client safety.