A client experiences intrusive, insulting auditory hallucinations. Which independent behavioral technique can the nurse teach the client to employ when the voices are troublesome?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sing or whistle to compete with the voices. This technique is effective as it can help distract the client from the intrusive auditory hallucinations. By engaging in singing or whistling, the client can shift their focus away from the voices, making them less bothersome. This method can also empower the client by giving them a sense of control over the situation. Other choices are incorrect: A: Taking additional antipsychotic medication may not be necessary in this situation and should be prescribed by a healthcare provider. B: Lying down and trying to sleep may not address the immediate distress caused by the hallucinations. D: Eating a large portion of chocolate is not a valid behavioral technique for managing auditory hallucinations.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Psychoeducational group. This option is most beneficial as it provides education and information to the family about the patient's illness, treatment options, and ways they can support his recovery. It helps them understand the challenges the patient faces and equips them with practical strategies to assist in his recovery process. A: Psychoanalytic group focuses on exploring unconscious patterns of behavior and may not provide the necessary education and tools for the family to support the patient effectively. C: Individual counseling is focused on the patient and may not involve the family members in understanding the illness and their role in the patient's recovery. D: Family therapy involves the whole family in therapy sessions, but may not specifically focus on educating them about schizophrenia and its treatment, which is crucial for their support.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: problems in cognitive functioning. In schizophrenia, cognitive deficits are common, leading to difficulties in completing tasks, forgetfulness, and lack of interest. Understanding this helps the nurse select appropriate strategies, such as breaking tasks into smaller steps. Choice A (lack of self-esteem) is incorrect as cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are not solely related to self-esteem. Choice B (manipulative tendencies) is incorrect as these behaviors are not indicative of manipulation. Choice C (shyness and embarrassment) is incorrect as cognitive deficits in schizophrenia go beyond social anxiety.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because patients with schizophrenia may have cognitive impairments affecting memory and orientation, leading to repetitive questioning. By repeating information in a kind, matter-of-fact manner, the nurse can address the patient's needs without causing distress. Choice B may be helpful, but verbal reinforcement is essential for immediate clarification. Choice C is incorrect as it may exacerbate the patient's distress and worsen the therapeutic relationship. Choice D does not address the underlying cognitive issue and may come across as dismissive.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is B: People who experience psychotic disorders lose contact with reality. Psychotic disorders involve a disconnection from reality, leading to hallucinations, delusions, and impaired thinking. This loss of contact with reality is a hallmark of psychotic disorders. As for the other choices: A: The will to continue - While individuals with psychotic disorders may struggle with motivation, this is not the primary feature of psychotic disorders. C: The ability to comply with treatment - While compliance with treatment may be challenging, it is not the core aspect of psychotic disorders. D: Contact with intellectual functions - While psychotic disorders can impact cognitive abilities, the defining characteristic is the loss of contact with reality rather than intellectual functions.