ATI RN
ATI Cardiovascular Drugs Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client diagnosed with schizophrenia, who has been taking antipsychotic medication for the last 5 months, presents in an emergency department (ED) with uncontrollable tongue movements, stiff neck, and difficulty swallowing. The nurse would expect the physician to recognize which condition and implement which treatment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tardive dyskinesia, treated by discontinuing antipsychotic medications. Tardive dyskinesia is characterized by uncontrollable tongue movements, stiff neck, and difficulty swallowing, which are common side effects of long-term antipsychotic use. The treatment involves discontinuing the antipsychotic medication to prevent further worsening of symptoms. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (choice A) presents with fever, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction, requiring immediate discontinuation of antipsychotic medication. Agranulocytosis (choice B) is a rare but serious side effect of clozapine, not associated with the symptoms described. Extrapyramidal symptoms (choice C) are movement disorders that can occur with antipsychotic use, but benztropine is typically used to treat parkinsonism, not the symptoms described.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with schizophrenia is admitted to the psychiatric unit in an acutely disturbed, violent state. He is given several doses of haloperidol (Haldol) and becomes calm and The patient has _________ , and the nurse should _________.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: a dystonic reaction…administer PRN IM benztropine (Cogentin). Rationale: 1. Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic that can cause extrapyramidal symptoms like dystonic reactions. 2. Dystonic reactions are characterized by muscle spasms and abnormal postures. 3. Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication that helps alleviate dystonic reactions by blocking acetylcholine. 4. Administering benztropine intramuscularly (IM) is appropriate for quick relief in acute situations. Summary: B: Tardive dyskinesia is a late-developing side effect of antipsychotics, not an acute reaction like dystonic reactions. C: Waxy flexibility is a catatonic symptom, not related to extrapyramidal side effects. D: Akathisia is restlessness and an inability to sit still, not a dystonic reaction that would require ben
Question 3 of 5
A patient is taking lovastatin. Which serum level is most important for the nurse to monitor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hepatic enzymes. Lovastatin is a statin medication that can potentially cause liver damage. Monitoring hepatic enzymes, such as AST and ALT, is crucial to assess liver function and detect any signs of hepatotoxicity. Elevations in these enzymes may indicate liver injury and warrant further evaluation or discontinuation of the medication. A: Blood urea nitrogen is not directly affected by lovastatin and is more commonly monitored for kidney function. B: Complete blood count is not specific to monitoring for lovastatin-related side effects. C: Cardiac enzymes are not typically monitored in patients taking lovastatin unless there are specific cardiac concerns. In summary, monitoring hepatic enzymes is essential in patients taking lovastatin to ensure early detection of potential liver damage.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has difficulty with mathematical calculations. Which area of the brain is most likely involved with this problem?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: parietal lobe. The parietal lobe is primarily responsible for processing mathematical calculations and spatial reasoning. Damage to this area can lead to difficulties with mathematical tasks. The frontal lobe is more associated with higher cognitive functions like decision-making and planning. The temporal lobe is involved in memory and language processing. The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information. Therefore, the parietal lobe is the most likely area involved in the patient's difficulty with mathematical calculations.
Question 5 of 5
The spouse of a patient who has just been diagnosed with cancer asks, “What do you think about the relationship of stress and the development of cancer? My spouse has been under a huge amount of stress at work, and now they’ve diagnosed cancer.” The answer that best reflects the current thinking about psychoneuroimmunology is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "It’s thought that the immune system is negatively affected by high stress." This answer aligns with the current understanding in psychoneuroimmunology that high levels of stress can indeed weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to illnesses like cancer. Chronic stress can lead to dysregulation of the immune system, increasing inflammation and impairing immune responses. Choice B is incorrect because there is substantial evidence supporting the impact of stress on the immune system. Choice C is inaccurate as numerous studies have demonstrated the link between stress and physical health outcomes. Choice D is misleading as various types of stress, not just grief and depression, can contribute to physical illness. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it accurately reflects the relationship between stress and the immune system, which is crucial in understanding the potential impact of stress on the development of cancer.