A client diagnosed with pleurisy is being started on medication therapy with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. A nurse teaches the client that this medication?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) help relieve pain by reducing inflammation, which can improve breathing and coughing for a client with pleurisy. NSAIDs do not act as mild narcotic analgesics (B) or glucocorticoids (C). While NSAIDs may alleviate surface pain (A), their primary mechanism is reducing inflammation to relieve pain and improve respiratory function.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: tidal volume. Tidal volume is the amount of air moved into and out of the lungs during normal breathing. It represents the normal, resting breathing pattern. Inspirational capacity (A) is the maximum amount of air the lungs can hold after a maximum inhalation. Reserve volume (B) is the additional air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal exhalation. Alveolar volume (D) refers to the amount of air in the alveoli available for gas exchange. Tidal volume best represents the amount of air exchanged during normal breathing.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Surface tension in alveolar fluid is reduced by surfactant, a substance that lowers the surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli. This helps prevent alveolar collapse during expiration. Mucus (A) and sebum (B) do not play a role in reducing surface tension in the alveoli. Water (D) is a component of alveolar fluid but does not specifically reduce surface tension like surfactant does.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The Adam's Apple corresponds to the larynx. The larynx houses the vocal cords and plays a key role in producing sound. The prominent cartilage in the front of the larynx is what forms the Adam's Apple. The epiglottis (A) covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway. The trachea (B) is the windpipe that carries air to and from the lungs. The thyroid (D) is a gland located in the neck that produces hormones regulating metabolism. Therefore, the correct answer is C as it directly relates to the anatomical structure of the Adam's Apple.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cartilaginous rings. Cartilaginous rings in the trachea provide structural support and prevent collapsing of the trachea during breathing. They maintain the shape of the trachea, ensuring that air can flow freely into the lungs. Muscles (choice A) are not directly responsible for preventing tracheal collapse. While the diaphragm (choice B) plays a crucial role in breathing, it does not specifically prevent tracheal collapse. Ribs (choice C) protect the thoracic organs but do not have a direct role in preventing tracheal collapse.