A client diagnosed with Cushing's disease has a potassium level of 2.3 mEq/L (2.3 mmol/L). Based on the result, which pattern would the nurse be monitoring for on the cardiac monitor?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Prominent U wave is a hallmark of hypokalemia (2.3 mEq/L) in Cushing's, reflecting repolarization delay. Prolonged ST and ST elevation are unrelated. Tall T waves indicate hyperkalemia. Nurses, per NCLEX, monitor U waves in hypokalemia for arrhythmia risk, making B correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Pulse oximeter on the left finger avoids the right mastectomy side, preventing lymphedema risk. Right finger and right arm BP are contraindicated. Left BP is okay but less specific here. Nurses, per NCLEX, protect surgical sides, making A correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Kolcaba's theory of comfort defines it as a holistic state that goes beyond just physical ease or the absence of pain. It encompasses a sense of calm, satisfaction, and well-being across physical, psychospiritual, environmental, and sociocultural dimensions. Comfort is not merely a fleeting moment of relief or limited to the physical body; it's an overarching experience that nurses aim to enhance for patients. Choice A focuses only on physical ease, which is too narrow, while Choice C limits it to pain absence, ignoring other aspects like emotional or spiritual comfort. Choice D suggests temporariness, but Kolcaba views comfort as a sustainable state that can be intentionally supported. Choice B captures the full scope of her theory, emphasizing a holistic calm and satisfaction that aligns with her framework of nursing care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nonpharmacological interventions for pain focus on techniques that don't involve medications, aiming to enhance comfort through physical, psychological, or environmental means. Guided imagery, where patients visualize calming scenes to distract from pain, is a prime example, leveraging the mind-body connection to reduce pain perception. Choice A, administering morphine, is pharmacological, as it's a potent opioid drug used for severe pain. Choice C, prescribing ibuprofen, also falls under pharmacological methods, relying on an anti-inflammatory medication. Choice D, starting an IV opioid drip, is another drug-based approach, delivering opioids directly into the bloodstream. Choice B stands out as the correct nonpharmacological option, offering a holistic, medication-free way to manage pain, which nurses can implement alongside other therapies to improve patient comfort without the side effects or dependency risks associated with medications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Symptom management is a key focus in end-of-life care, aiming to alleviate pain, nausea, dyspnea, or anxiety, ensuring the patient's final days are as comfortable as possible. This shifts priority from curing to caring, addressing physical and emotional suffering holistically. Choice A, aggressive curative measures, opposes this, as end-of-life care accepts the disease's terminality, avoiding futile treatments that may increase distress. Choice C, prolonged hospitalization, isn't a focuscare often moves to hospice or home settings for comfort and familiarity, not extended hospital stays. Choice D, avoiding patient interaction, is wrong; meaningful engagement with patients and families enhances dignity and support. Choice B stands out, reflecting palliative principles nurses uphold, using medications, positioning, or emotional care to manage symptoms, fostering peace over prolonging life unnecessarily.