ATI RN
Psychobiological Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client diagnosed with bipolar I disorder: manic episode refuses to take lithium carbonate because he complains that it makes him feel sick. Which of the following medications might be alternatively prescribed for mood stabilization in bipolar disorders?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Valproic acid (Depakote). Valproic acid is a mood stabilizer commonly used in bipolar disorder. It helps control manic episodes and can be an alternative to lithium. Valproic acid works by affecting neurotransmitters in the brain, stabilizing mood. Sertraline (A) and Paroxetine (D) are antidepressants, which can worsen manic episodes in bipolar disorder. Trazodone (C) is primarily used for treating depression and insomnia, not for mood stabilization in bipolar disorder.
Question 2 of 5
A client is diagnosed with bipolar disorder: manic episode. Which nursing intervention should be implemented to achieve the outcome of 'Client will gain 2 lb by the end of the week?'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide client with high-calorie finger foods throughout the day. This intervention is appropriate for a client experiencing a manic episode in bipolar disorder because they may have increased energy expenditure and decreased interest in eating, leading to weight loss. Providing high-calorie finger foods can help increase caloric intake and promote weight gain. Choice B is incorrect as it does not address the specific need for high-calorie foods and may not be effective in ensuring adequate caloric intake. Choice C, initiating parenteral nutrition, is unnecessary and invasive for this client's situation as oral intake should be encouraged first. Choice D, teaching about the importance of a varied diet, is not as effective in the short term for a client in a manic episode who may struggle with maintaining a balanced diet.
Question 3 of 5
After teaching a client about lithium carbonate (Lithane), the nurse would conclude teaching was successful based on which client statement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because diarrhea and ringing in the ears are common side effects of lithium carbonate that require immediate medical attention. This demonstrates the client's understanding of the importance of monitoring for potential adverse effects. Option A is incorrect as lithium carbonate may take weeks to show full effects. Option C is incorrect as doubling the dose can lead to toxicity. Option D is incorrect as lithium does not require salt restriction.
Question 4 of 5
An 11-year-old diagnosed with ODD becomes angry over the rules at a residential treatment program and begins shouting at the nurse. What is the nurse's initial action to defuse the situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct initial action is B: Take the child swimming at the facility's pool. This option is best as it provides a physical outlet for the child's anger and helps to de-escalate the situation in a calming and non-confrontational manner. Swimming can be a therapeutic activity that helps release tension and promote relaxation. Asking the child to express feelings (A) may not be effective in the heat of the moment. Establishing a behavioral contract (C) may be premature and not address the immediate need for de-escalation. Administering medication (D) should not be the first response and is not appropriate for managing situational anger outbursts.
Question 5 of 5
An adolescent was recently diagnosed with ODD. The parents say to the nurse, 'Isn't there some medication that will help with this problem?' Select the nurse's best response.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because medication is not typically the first-line treatment for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Behavioral strategies, such as therapy and counseling, are usually recommended to address the underlying issues causing the behavior. Medication may be considered in certain cases but is not the primary treatment. Choice A is incorrect because while ODD is primarily behavioral, there are cases where medication may be used as an adjunct treatment. Choice B is incorrect as it dismisses the importance of understanding individual treatment approaches. Choice D is incorrect as it provides inaccurate information and may raise false hopes about medication being the solution.