ATI RN
Psychobiologic Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client diagnosed with bipolar I disorder is exhibiting severe manic behaviors. A physician prescribes lithium carbonate (Eskalith) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). The client's spouse questions the Zyprexa order. Which is the appropriate nursing reply?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Zyprexa calms hyperactivity until the Eskalith takes effect. Olanzapine (Zyprexa) is an atypical antipsychotic that helps control manic symptoms quickly, providing immediate relief from hyperactivity while waiting for lithium carbonate (Eskalith) to reach therapeutic levels. It is essential to address the severe manic behaviors promptly to prevent potential harm to the client or others. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. A: Zyprexa does not cure manic symptoms; it helps manage symptoms. B: Zyprexa is not primarily used to prevent extrapyramidal side effects; it is more for managing acute manic episodes. C: Zyprexa may or may not directly ensure a good night's sleep; its primary purpose is to manage manic symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A client is diagnosed with bipolar disorder and admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit. Which is the priority outcome for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because ensuring the client's safety is the top priority in managing bipolar disorder. This includes preventing self-harm or harm to others. Without safety, other outcomes are not achievable. Choices A and B focus on therapeutic interventions but are not as critical as safety. Choice D addresses coping skills, which are important but secondary to ensuring immediate safety.
Question 3 of 5
The family of a child diagnosed with an impulse control disorder needs help to function more adaptively. Which aspect of the child's plan of care will be provided by an advanced practice nurse rather than a staff nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because providing dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) requires specialized training and expertise typically possessed by advanced practice nurses. DBT is a specific therapeutic approach designed for individuals with impulse control disorders, and it involves intensive training and ongoing supervision. Leading an activity group (A) and providing positive feedback (B) are within the scope of practice of both staff nurses and advanced practice nurses. Formulating nursing diagnoses (C) is also a skill that staff nurses can perform as part of the nursing process. In summary, the advanced practice nurse would be better equipped to provide DBT due to their advanced training and expertise in this specific therapeutic approach.
Question 4 of 5
Parents of an adolescent diagnosed with a CD say, 'We don't know how to respond when our child breaks the rules in our house. Is there any treatment that might help us?' Which therapy is likely to be helpful for these parents?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT). PCIT focuses on improving parent-child relationships and teaching parents effective behavior management techniques. It helps parents develop positive communication skills and appropriate discipline strategies. This therapy is likely to be helpful for parents of an adolescent with CD as it addresses the specific challenges they are facing in managing their child's behavior. Summary: B: Behavior modification therapy focuses on changing specific behaviors through reinforcement and punishment, but may not address the underlying parent-child relationship issues. C: Multi-systemic therapy (MST) targets multiple systems involved in the adolescent's life, but may not provide the direct skills and support needed for parents in managing their child's behavior at home. D: Pharmacotherapy involves medication and is not designed to help parents develop effective parenting skills.
Question 5 of 5
An adolescent diagnosed with a CD stole and wrecked a neighbor's motorcycle. Afterward, the adolescent was confronted about the behavior but expressed no remorse. Which variation in the central nervous system best explains the adolescent's reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because reduced gray matter in the cortex and dysfunction of the amygdala can lead to decreased feelings of empathy. 1. The cortex is responsible for higher-order cognitive functions, including empathy. 2. The amygdala plays a crucial role in processing emotions, such as empathy and remorse. 3. Reduced gray matter in the cortex and dysfunction of the amygdala can result in deficits in recognizing and processing emotions like empathy and remorse. Therefore, the adolescent's lack of remorse could be attributed to these neurological abnormalities. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Serotonin dysregulation and increased testosterone activity primarily affect mood regulation and aggression, not necessarily remorse. B: Neuron destruction in the hippocampus affects memory and learning, not empathy or remorse. D: Disturbances in the occipital lobe primarily impact vision and visual processing, not empathy or remorse.