ATI RN
Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client at 26 weeks gestation is in the office after being discharged from the hospital for preterm contractions. She states that she no longer is having contractions but is really having trouble with heartburn and reflux. Which is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Avoid foods that contain a lot of fat. This is the best response because fatty foods can worsen heartburn and reflux by relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter, leading to acid reflux. By avoiding high-fat foods, the client can reduce the likelihood of experiencing heartburn and reflux symptoms. Rationale: 1. High-fat foods can delay stomach emptying, causing food to stay longer in the stomach, increasing the risk of reflux. 2. Fatty foods can trigger the production of more stomach acid, exacerbating heartburn and reflux. 3. Avoiding high-fat foods can help decrease pressure on the stomach, reducing the likelihood of acid reflux. 4. Other options (A, B, C) do not address the root cause of heartburn and reflux associated with high-fat foods. In summary, choosing option D to avoid high-fat foods is the most appropriate response to help alleviate the client's heartburn and reflux symptoms during pregnancy.
Question 2 of 5
A woman's obstetric history indicates that she is pregnant for the fourth time and all of her children from previous pregnancies are living. One was born at 39 weeks of gestation, twins were born at 34 weeks of gestation, and another child was born at 35 weeks of gestation. What is her gravidity and parity using the GTPAL system?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale for Answer B (4-1-2-0-4): 1. Gravidity: Total number of pregnancies - She is pregnant for the 4th time (G=4). 2. Term Births: Number of pregnancies reaching 37 weeks or more - She had 1 term birth (T=1). 3. Preterm Births: Number of pregnancies ending between 20-36 weeks - She had twins born at 34 weeks (P=2). 4. Abortions: Number of pregnancies ending before 20 weeks - She has no reported abortions (A=0). 5. Living Children: Number of living children - She has all her children from previous pregnancies living (L=4). Summary of other choices: A: Incorrect because it indicates 3 term births, which is not accurate. C: Incorrect as it suggests 3 living children, which is not consistent with the scenario. D: Incorrect due to incorrect number of preterm births and living
Question 3 of 5
The nurse teaches a pregnant woman about the presumptive, probable, and positive signs of pregnancy. The woman demonstrates understanding of the nurse's instructions if she states that a positive sign of pregnancy is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: fetal movement palpated by the nurse-midwife. This is a positive sign of pregnancy because it is a direct indication of the presence of a fetus. Fetal movements can only be felt once the baby has developed enough to be physically palpable, typically around 18-20 weeks of gestation. This sign is considered reliable and conclusive evidence of pregnancy. A: A positive pregnancy test is a presumptive sign, as it indicates the possibility of pregnancy but is not definitive. C: Braxton Hicks contractions are probable signs, as they are common in pregnancy but do not confirm the presence of a fetus. D: Quickening, the mother's first perception of fetal movements, is a probable sign and does not provide definitive proof of pregnancy.
Question 4 of 5
During a patient's physical examination the nurse notes that the lower uterine segment is soft on palpation. The nurse would document this finding as:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chadwick's sign. This sign refers to the bluish discoloration of the cervix and vagina due to increased vascularity in early pregnancy. The lower uterine segment being soft on palpation is consistent with Chadwick's sign, indicating early signs of pregnancy. A: Hegar's sign refers to softening of the lower uterine segment, not the cervix or vagina. B: McDonald's sign is the softening of the uterus at the isthmus, not specifically at the lower uterine segment. D: Goodell's sign pertains to softening of the cervix, not the lower uterine segment.
Question 5 of 5
Numerous changes in the integumentary system occur during pregnancy. Which change persists after birth?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Striae gravidarum, because it refers to stretch marks that occur during pregnancy and often persist postpartum. Epulis (A) is a benign gingival tumor that typically resolves after pregnancy. Chloasma (B) is a skin condition causing dark patches that usually fade postpartum. Telangiectasia (C) are small dilated blood vessels that commonly appear during pregnancy but may diminish after giving birth. Therefore, the key differentiator is the persistence of Striae gravidarum after delivery.