A client asks the nurse, 'Do you think I should leave my husband?' The nurse responds, 'You aren't sure if you should leave your husband?' The nurse is using which therapeutic technique?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is option C) Reflecting. Reflecting is a therapeutic technique where the nurse mirrors back the client's feelings or thoughts to encourage further exploration and understanding of their own emotions. In this scenario, the nurse is reflecting the client's uncertainty about leaving her husband by repeating back her words. Option A) Restating involves paraphrasing the client's words to show understanding, which is not what the nurse is doing in this situation. Option B) Reframing involves helping the client see a situation from a different perspective, which is also not demonstrated here. Option D) Offering a general lead involves providing a broad opening statement to encourage the client to continue talking, which is not the technique used by the nurse in this case. In an educational context, understanding therapeutic communication techniques is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially nurses, to effectively support clients in exploring their thoughts and feelings. Reflecting is particularly important in building rapport and trust with clients, as it demonstrates active listening and empathy, paving the way for deeper therapeutic interactions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) The relationship is moving from the orientation to the working phase. This assessment is appropriate because the patient's statement indicates a readiness to delve into the issues surrounding relationships, signaling a transition towards the working phase of the therapeutic relationship. Option A) Nurse-patient roles have not been clearly delineated is incorrect because the patient's statement suggests a desire to focus on a specific issue rather than a lack of clarity in roles. Option B) The nurse should suggest several alternative behaviors is incorrect as it does not address the patient's expressed desire to work on relationships, and it may come across as dismissive of the patient's concerns. Option C) The patient must be able to manage emotions before continuing is incorrect because it does not consider the patient's autonomy in setting the agenda for therapy. It is important for the patient to have a say in determining the focus of the session. Educationally, understanding the phases of the therapeutic relationship is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers working in mental health settings. Recognizing cues from patients about their readiness to address specific issues can help guide the direction of therapy and enhance the therapeutic alliance. It's essential to respect the patient's autonomy and meet them where they are in their therapeutic journey.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "Noting patient verbal and nonverbal expression of feelings," is the correct answer. This is because music therapy is often used as a form of expressive therapy where patients can communicate and process their emotions through music. The nurse's role in this context would involve observing and understanding the emotional cues expressed by the patients through their words and body language during the music therapy sessions. Option A, "Fostering and encouraging performance talent," is incorrect because the primary goal of music therapy in a healthcare setting is usually therapeutic rather than focused on developing performance skills. Option B, "Teaching patients about various styles of music," is also incorrect as the main focus of music therapy is not typically on educating patients about different genres of music, but rather on using music as a tool for emotional expression and healing. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind the correct answer emphasizes the importance of therapeutic communication skills in healthcare practice. Nurses and healthcare providers need to be attuned to patients' verbal and nonverbal cues to provide effective care and support. By noting and interpreting these expressions of feelings during music therapy, the nurse can better support the patient's emotional well-being and facilitate the therapeutic process.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Denial. Denial is the first stage of grief in the Kübler-Ross model, where individuals may refuse to accept the reality of a situation. Joy's preoccupation with her father's death while still planning for his upcoming birthday indicates a form of denial, as she may be avoiding facing the full extent of her loss by focusing on positive memories. Option B) Anger is not the correct choice in this context as there is no indication of Joy displaying anger towards her father's death or the situation. Option C) Bargaining is also not the appropriate stage as Joy is not shown to be trying to negotiate with the situation or make deals to change the outcome. Option D) Acceptance is not the right choice because Joy's behavior does not reflect acceptance of her father's death. Educationally, understanding the stages of grief is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide appropriate support and care to individuals experiencing loss. By recognizing these stages, nurses can offer tailored interventions to help individuals like Joy navigate through their grief process effectively. It also highlights the importance of empathy, active listening, and providing a supportive environment for individuals experiencing loss and grief.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In Erikson's psychosocial theory of development, trust versus mistrust is the first stage that occurs from birth to 18 months. This stage is crucial as it sets the foundation for a child's future relationships and overall worldview. Infants learn to trust their caregivers to meet their basic needs, such as food, comfort, and security. When these needs are consistently met, the child develops a sense of trust in the world and others. Option A (36 years old) is incorrect because Erikson's stages of psychosocial development do not focus on adult age ranges, but rather on different stages of childhood and adolescence. Option B (Over 65) is incorrect as well because Erikson's stages primarily cover the development from infancy to late adulthood, with the final stages focusing on later life challenges. Option D (12-18) is also incorrect as this age range does not align with Erikson's specific stages related to trust development in early infancy. Understanding Erikson's stages of development is crucial for healthcare professionals working with children and families. It helps nurses like Andrea to provide appropriate care and support that meets the developmental needs of the child, fostering healthy emotional and social growth. Being aware of these stages can also guide interventions and communication strategies to build trust and positive relationships with young patients and their caregivers.