ATI RN
Med Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child returns to his room after a cardiac catheterization. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintain the child on bed rest with the affected extremity immobilized. After a cardiac catheterization, it is important to keep the affected extremity immobilized to prevent bleeding or injury at the insertion site. Bed rest is also necessary to reduce the risk of complications. Allowing the child to move around or sit in a chair could increase the risk of bleeding or injury. Choice A does not specify immobilizing the affected extremity, which is crucial post-procedure. Choice C involves unnecessary movement, which can be detrimental. Choice D allows sitting, which may not provide enough rest for proper recovery.
Question 2 of 5
When assessing a client with peripheral arterial disease, the nurse assesses the client for which of the following signs and symptoms that would be consistent with tissue ischemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Leg pain while walking. Rationale: Leg pain while walking, known as intermittent claudication, is a classic symptom of tissue ischemia in peripheral arterial disease. This occurs due to inadequate blood flow to the muscles during activity. The pain typically resolves with rest. Other options are incorrect: A) Peripheral edema is more indicative of venous insufficiency. B) Widened pulse pressure may be seen in conditions like aortic regurgitation. D) Brownish discoloration suggests chronic venous insufficiency or possible peripheral arterial disease with advanced tissue damage.
Question 3 of 5
A toddler with Kawasaki's disease is going home on salicylate (aspirin) therapy. Which is the priority teaching at the time of discharge?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor the child for gastrointestinal bleeding. This is a priority teaching because salicylate therapy can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in children with Kawasaki's disease. Teaching parents to watch for signs such as black, tarry stools or vomiting blood is crucial for early detection and intervention. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because avoiding contact with other children, reporting tingling extremities, and maintaining a low-calorie diet are not specific priorities related to salicylate therapy for Kawasaki's disease.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assessing the laboratory values for a patient with chronic heart failure before administering furosemide. Which of the following values would cause the nurse to withhold this drug and notify the primary care provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Potassium level of 3.5 mEq/L. In patients with chronic heart failure, furosemide can cause potassium loss leading to hypokalemia, which can worsen cardiac function and lead to arrhythmias. Therefore, a low potassium level warrants withholding furosemide and notifying the primary care provider for appropriate management. Incorrect choices: B: Digoxin level of 0.7 ng/mL - Although digoxin levels should be monitored, a level of 0.7 ng/mL is within the therapeutic range. C: Calcium level of 5 mg/dL - Low calcium levels do not directly contraindicate furosemide use. D: Magnesium level of 1 mg/dL - While magnesium levels should also be monitored, a level of 1 mg/dL is not significantly low to withhold furosemide.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing drugs for a cardiac arrest victim. Which of the following drug is used in almost all cardiac arrest scenarios?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Epinephrine. In cardiac arrest scenarios, epinephrine is used almost universally due to its potent vasoconstrictive and positive inotropic effects, which help improve blood flow to vital organs and increase chances of successful resuscitation. Atropine (A) is used for symptomatic bradycardia, not cardiac arrest. Adenosine (C) is used for certain types of arrhythmias, not cardiac arrest. Sodium bicarbonate (D) is used for metabolic acidosis, not cardiac arrest. Therefore, epinephrine is the most appropriate choice for cardiac arrest situations.