ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child present to you with opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia, the MOST likely cause that you should vigorously search for is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neuroblastoma is the most likely cause of opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia, per neurology, a paraneoplastic syndrome in ~50% of cases. Medulloblastoma , ependymoma , and astrocytoma cause mass effects; glioma rare. Neuroblastomas link makes A the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
In pseudotumor cerebri; the MOST likely mechanism of increased ICP is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Idiopathic is the most likely mechanism in pseudotumor cerebri (IIH), per neurology, with unclear etiology (possibly venous sinus dysfunction) raising ICP. Blockage , edema , blood flow , and infarcts are secondary. IIHs unknown cause makes A the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
A 6-month-old infant was just diagnosed with craniosynostosis. The infants father asks the nurse for more information about reconstructive surgery. Select the nursbest response.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best response explains craniosynostosis surgerys purpose allowing brain growth while acknowledging risks like bleeding or increased ICP, requiring PICU monitoring, per neurosurgical standards. Cosmetic focus alone is inaccurate; surgery corrects restricted brain development from premature suture fusion. Waiting until 3 years (C, D) delays intervention; surgery is typically done at 6-12 months when brain growth is rapid, not complete. Option Ds claim of finished head growth is false skull growth continupast infancy. Bs balance of purpose, timing (implicitly early), and complication awareness, aligned with pediatric neurosurgery texts, makes itthe correct answer, addressing the fathers need for accurate, comprehensive information.
Question 4 of 5
A child in the PICU with a head injury is comatose and unresponsive. The parent asks if he needs pain medication. Select the nursbest response.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain medication is necessary to make him comfortable is the best response, per PICU standards. Comatose patients may still process pain subcortically; untreated pain raisICP via stress responses, worsening outcomes. Option A denithis; B overstatinterference (titration avoids masking); D adds unnecessary complexity (oxygen demand isnt primary). Cs focus on comfort, supported by pain management guidelines, makes itthe correct answer, balancing ethics and physiology.
Question 5 of 5
A child with a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt complains of headache, blurry vision, irritability, and increased sleep. The parents ask what they should do. Select the nursbest response.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Take her to the ER immediately is best for headache, blurry vision, irritability, and sleepiness in a VP shunt child, per neurosurgery texts. These signal shunt malfunction (e.g., obstruction), raising ICP, requiring urgent imaging. Acetaminophen delays; menstrual link is irrelevant; 9-year function doesnt rule out failure. Ds urgency makes itthe correct answer.