ATI RN
Psychobiological Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child known as the neighborhood bully says, 'Nobody can tell me what to do.' After receiving a poor grade on a science project, this child secretly loaded a virus on the teacher's computer. These behaviors support a diagnosis of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder). This diagnosis fits because the child's behavior demonstrates a pattern of defiance, hostility, and disregard for authority figures. Loading a virus on the teacher's computer is a deliberate act of defiance, and the statement "Nobody can tell me what to do" reflects a persistent pattern of oppositional behavior. Summary: A: CD (Conduct Disorder) involves more severe and persistent antisocial behaviors, such as aggression towards people and animals, destruction of property, and serious rule violations. C: Intermittent Explosive Disorder involves sudden and intense outbursts of aggression that are out of proportion to the stressor. D: ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, but does not fully explain the deliberate and calculated behavior displayed by the child in the scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A highly agitated client paces the unit and states, 'I could buy and sell this place.' The client's mood fluctuates from fits of laughter to outbursts of anger. Which is the most accurate documentation of this client's behavior?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the client's behavior of being agitated, pacing, and expressing grandiosity aligns with symptoms of mania. The mood lability also reflects the client's fluctuating moods. Choice A is incorrect as it does not mention the presence of grandiosity or pacing. Choice B is incorrect because euthymic mood does not match the described behavior. Choice C is incorrect because delusions of reference are not mentioned, and hyperactivity alone does not fully capture the client's behavior.
Question 3 of 5
A client diagnosed with bipolar I disorder: manic episode refuses to take lithium carbonate because he complains that it makes him feel sick. Which of the following medications might be alternatively prescribed for mood stabilization in bipolar disorders?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Valproic acid (Depakote). Valproic acid is a mood stabilizer commonly used in bipolar disorder. It helps control manic episodes and can be an alternative to lithium. Valproic acid works by affecting neurotransmitters in the brain, stabilizing mood. Sertraline (A) and Paroxetine (D) are antidepressants, which can worsen manic episodes in bipolar disorder. Trazodone (C) is primarily used for treating depression and insomnia, not for mood stabilization in bipolar disorder.
Question 4 of 5
A client diagnosed with bipolar disorder has taken lithium carbonate (Lithane) for 1 year; this client presents in an emergency department with severe diarrhea, blurred vision, and tinnitus. The nurse should interpret these symptoms to be indicative of which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lithium carbonate toxicity. The symptoms of severe diarrhea, blurred vision, and tinnitus are indicative of lithium toxicity. Severe diarrhea can lead to dehydration, which can exacerbate lithium toxicity. Blurred vision and tinnitus are neurological symptoms associated with lithium toxicity. It is important for the nurse to recognize these symptoms as signs of lithium toxicity and take appropriate action. A: Consumption of foods high in tyramine is not related to the symptoms described. Tyramine is not known to cause severe diarrhea, blurred vision, or tinnitus. B: Common side effects of lithium carbonate typically include mild gastrointestinal upset, tremors, and increased thirst, not the severe symptoms described in the question. C: Lithium carbonate tolerance refers to the body's ability to withstand higher doses of lithium over time. It does not present with the acute, severe symptoms described in the question.
Question 5 of 5
A client is diagnosed with bipolar disorder: manic episode. Which nursing intervention should be implemented to achieve the outcome of 'Client will gain 2 lb by the end of the week?'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide client with high-calorie finger foods throughout the day. This intervention is appropriate for a client experiencing a manic episode in bipolar disorder because they may have increased energy expenditure and decreased interest in eating, leading to weight loss. Providing high-calorie finger foods can help increase caloric intake and promote weight gain. Choice B is incorrect as it does not address the specific need for high-calorie foods and may not be effective in ensuring adequate caloric intake. Choice C, initiating parenteral nutrition, is unnecessary and invasive for this client's situation as oral intake should be encouraged first. Choice D, teaching about the importance of a varied diet, is not as effective in the short term for a client in a manic episode who may struggle with maintaining a balanced diet.