ATI RN
Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child is scheduled for echocardiography. The nurse is providing teaching to the child's mother. Which statement by the mother about echocardiography indicates the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Echocardiography does not typically require dye injection. This is known as a non-invasive imaging technique. Choice A is correct because an IV catheter is not usually needed for this procedure. Choice C is incorrect as fasting before the test is common practice to ensure accurate results. Choice D is correct as lying on the left side and breathing slowly helps with image quality. Therefore, choice B is the most appropriate answer as it reflects a misunderstanding of the procedure.
Question 2 of 5
In providing community education on prevention of peripheral arterial disease, the nurse is careful to include which of the following as a major risk factor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cigarette smoking. Smoking is a major risk factor for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) as it can lead to the narrowing of blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the extremities. This can result in the development of PAD. Smoking cessation is crucial in preventing and managing PAD. Rationale for other choices: A: Dysrhythmias - Dysrhythmias are irregular heartbeats and are not a major risk factor for PAD. B: Low-protein intake - While poor nutrition can impact overall health, low-protein intake is not a major risk factor specifically for PAD. C: Exposure to cool weather - Cool weather exposure can exacerbate symptoms in individuals with PAD, but it is not a major risk factor for developing the condition.
Question 3 of 5
A toddler requires supplemental oxygen therapy for a cyanotic heart defect. In planning for home care, the nurse would discuss which of the following with the parents?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because promoting mobility while meeting the need for supplemental oxygen is crucial for the toddler's overall well-being. This helps prevent complications such as pneumonia and promotes physical development. Maintaining the child on bedrest (A) is not recommended as it can lead to muscle weakness and other health issues. Discussing symptoms of oxygen toxicity (C) is important but not the priority in this scenario. Drawing blood for blood gases (D) should be performed by healthcare professionals, not parents.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is admitted to your acute coronary care unit with the diagnosis of ACS. The nurse has seen ECG changes that are indicative of an anterior wall infarction and is observing the patient for signs/symptoms of complications. The nurse has noted the following vital sign trends: 1100-HR 92, RR 24, BP 140/88, Cardiac rhythm NSR 1115-HR 96, RR 26, BP 128/82, Cardiac rhythm NSR 1130-HR 104, RR 28, BP 102/68, Cardiac rhythm ST 1145-HR 120, RR 32, BP 80/52, Cardiac rhythm ST with frequent PVC's The nurse should be alert for which of the following complications? Choose all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C - Cardiogenic shock. In this scenario, the vital sign trends indicate a progressive decline in blood pressure (BP) along with an increasing heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR), which are signs of hemodynamic instability. Cardiogenic shock is a serious complication of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's demands. The decreasing BP and increasing HR in this patient suggest a failing cardiac output, leading to inadequate tissue perfusion and subsequent shock. Syncope (choice A) is possible but less likely given the progressive decline in vital signs. Pericarditis (choice B) typically presents with chest pain and ECG changes different from those seen in this case. Cardiac tamponade (choice D) is characterized by Beck's triad (muffled heart sounds, hypotension, and jugular venous distention), which is not evident in the vital sign trends provided.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who may be in the early stages of dehydration. Early manifestations of dehydration include:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. In the early stages of dehydration, the body tries to conserve water, leading to sunken eyeballs due to decreased fluid volume and poor skin turgor as skin loses its elasticity. Thirst or confusion (choice B) occur in moderate dehydration. Increased heart rate with hypotension (choice C) is a sign of severe dehydration. Coma or seizures (choice D) are extreme manifestations of dehydration and do not typically occur in the early stages.