A child is being cared for by a nurse and has rheumatic fever. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rheumatic fever can lead to cardiac complications, such as dysrhythmias. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to monitor the child's heart rate closely for any signs of dysrhythmias. This will help in early identification and prompt management of potential cardiac issues associated with rheumatic fever.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is option D: "I will massage my child's ear after administering the ear drops." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because gentle massage after administering ear drops helps to facilitate the distribution of the medication within the ear canal, ensuring optimal effectiveness. Option A is incorrect because pulling the ear canal upward and backward is not the correct technique for administering ear drops to a child. Option B is incorrect as administering cold ear drops directly from the refrigerator can cause discomfort and may lead to dizziness. Option C is also incorrect as pulling the ear lobe down and back is not the appropriate technique for administering ear drops to a child. In the context of pediatric nursing, it is crucial for parents to understand the correct technique for administering ear drops to ensure the safety and well-being of their child. Proper education on this topic can prevent complications and promote effective treatment of ear infections, highlighting the importance of clear and accurate instructions provided by healthcare professionals.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In caring for a school-age child with thrombocytopenia, which is a condition characterized by low platelet count and increased risk of bleeding, the nurse should prioritize interventions that minimize the risk of bleeding. Option B, avoiding venipunctures whenever possible, is the correct intervention to include in the plan. Venipunctures can lead to bleeding in children with thrombocytopenia, so minimizing unnecessary invasive procedures is essential to prevent complications. Option A, administering aspirin for fever, is incorrect because aspirin can further decrease platelet function and increase bleeding risk in these patients. Option C, encouraging participation in contact sports, is also incorrect as contact sports increase the risk of injury and bleeding, which is not safe for a child with thrombocytopenia. Option D, administering ibuprofen for pain, is not the best choice as ibuprofen can also affect platelet function and should be used cautiously in children with low platelet counts. Educationally, this rationale highlights the importance of understanding the specific needs of children with thrombocytopenia and the significance of implementing interventions that promote their safety and well-being. It underscores the nurse's role in providing holistic care and minimizing risks associated with the child's condition.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In a child with appendicitis and possible perforation, the nurse should expect bradycardia due to peritoneal irritation. Bradycardia is a common response to peritoneal inflammation or infection, indicating a possible serious complication. Hyperactive bowel sounds, abdominal distension, and hypoactive bowel sounds are more commonly associated with other gastrointestinal conditions and are less likely to be present in a child with appendicitis and perforation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, educating parents of children with congenital heart disease is crucial for managing the child's health effectively. The correct answer, "A) Offer small, frequent meals," is important because children with congenital heart disease may have difficulty eating large meals due to their condition. Small, frequent meals can help prevent overeating, reduce the workload on the heart, and maintain stable energy levels throughout the day. Option B, "Limit the toddler's physical activity," is incorrect because while some restrictions may be necessary depending on the severity of the condition, complete restriction can lead to deconditioning and may not be appropriate for all children with congenital heart disease. Option C, "Provide a low-sodium diet," is not the most relevant instruction for a toddler with congenital heart disease. While sodium intake may need to be monitored, other dietary considerations, such as calorie and nutrient density, are often more critical in this population. Option D, "Monitor the toddler's intake and output," is important in general pediatric nursing care but is not as specific or directly related to managing congenital heart disease in a toddler as the recommendation for small, frequent meals. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of tailoring dietary recommendations to the specific needs of children with congenital heart disease and the significance of providing parents with practical guidance to support their child's health.