A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What should the nurse expect the urinalysis to show during the acute phase?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nurse should expect the urinalysis to show hematuria (blood in the urine) and proteinuria (excess protein in the urine) during the acute phase of glomerulonephritis. Hematuria is a common finding due to the inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, which allows red blood cells to leak into the urine. Proteinuria occurs because the damaged glomeruli are unable to effectively filter out proteins, leading to their presence in the urine. Bacteriuria and increased specific gravity are not typically associated with acute glomerulonephritis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Anaphylactic shock results in decreased systemic vascular resistance due to histamine release causing vasodilation and capillary leakage.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Tentorial herniation leads to compression of cranial nerve III, causing a fixed, dilated pupil on the affected side due to unopposed sympathetic activity.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: It is important to check circulation, sensation, and movement of the patient's leg secured with Buck's traction every 4 hours. Checking every shift may not provide a frequent enough monitoring interval, while checking every day or every 15 minutes may be too infrequent or excessive, respectively. Regular assessments are necessary to detect any changes in the patient's condition promptly and ensure the effectiveness and safety of the traction device. This frequency allows healthcare providers to identify any potential issues early and take appropriate action to prevent complications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Most infants can pull themselves to a standing position at age 9 months. Infants who are not able to pull themselves to standing by age 11 to 12 months should be further evaluated for developmental dysplasia of the hip.