ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What should the nurse expect the urinalysis during this acute phase to show?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a child with acute glomerulonephritis, the nurse should expect the urinalysis during the acute phase to show hematuria and proteinuria, making option B the correct answer. Hematuria, the presence of red blood cells in the urine, is a hallmark sign of glomerulonephritis due to inflammation and damage to the glomeruli in the kidneys. Proteinuria, the presence of protein in the urine, is also commonly seen in glomerulonephritis as damaged glomeruli allow proteins to leak into the urine. Option A (Bacteriuria and hematuria) is incorrect because glomerulonephritis is not typically associated with a bacterial infection of the urinary tract. Option C (Bacteriuria and increased specific gravity) is incorrect as glomerulonephritis is not characterized by bacterial presence in the urine or increased specific gravity. Option D (Proteinuria and decreased specific gravity) is incorrect as decreased specific gravity is not typically seen in glomerulonephritis. Educationally, understanding the expected findings in acute glomerulonephritis is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients with this condition. Recognizing the significance of hematuria and proteinuria in the urinalysis can aid in early detection, prompt intervention, and improved outcomes for children with glomerulonephritis.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The nurse understands that the peak age at onset for this disease is what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In understanding the peak age at onset for acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, the correct answer is B) 5 to 7 years. This is because this condition typically occurs in children aged 5 to 7 years old. Option A) 2 to 4 years is incorrect because children in this age group are less commonly affected by acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Option C) 8 to 10 years and option D) 11 to 13 years are also incorrect as the peak age for this condition falls within the 5 to 7-year-old range. Educationally, understanding the age range at which certain conditions are more prevalent is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients. This knowledge informs the nurse's assessment, intervention, and education provided to the child and their family. Understanding the typical age range for acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis helps nurses anticipate and provide appropriate care for children presenting with this condition.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome. The nurse understands that the peak age at onset for this disease is what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the case of minimal change nephrotic syndrome, the peak age at onset is typically between 4 to 5 years old. This is because minimal change nephrotic syndrome is more commonly seen in preschool and early school-aged children. At this age, the immune system is still developing, making children more susceptible to this condition. Option A (2 to 3 years) is incorrect because minimal change nephrotic syndrome is less commonly seen in younger children due to their immune system still maturing. Option C (6 to 7 years) is incorrect because while children in this age range can develop minimal change nephrotic syndrome, the peak age of onset is earlier, around 4 to 5 years old. Option D (8 to 9 years) is incorrect as minimal change nephrotic syndrome typically presents before this age range. Understanding the peak age of onset for diseases in children is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients as it helps in early recognition, prompt treatment, and better outcomes. By knowing the typical age range for minimal change nephrotic syndrome, nurses can provide appropriate care and support to children and their families facing this condition.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is admitting a 9-year-old child with hemolytic uremic syndrome. What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in children, the correct manifestations to expect include anorexia, hypertension, and purpura. Anorexia is common due to gastrointestinal symptoms associated with the condition. Hypertension is a significant finding in HUS, reflecting renal involvement and potential complications. Purpura, which is characterized by purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding under the skin, can be present due to thrombocytopenia in HUS. Option A is correct because all these manifestations are commonly seen in children with HUS. Option B, anorexia, is a valid symptom as mentioned earlier. Option C, hypertension, is also a common finding in HUS due to renal involvement. Option D, purpura, is associated with the thrombotic microangiopathy that occurs in HUS. Understanding the clinical manifestations of HUS in children is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients. Recognizing these signs early can lead to prompt intervention and improved outcomes. Nurses should be vigilant in assessing and monitoring these symptoms in children admitted with suspected or diagnosed HUS to provide timely and appropriate care.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child with a urinary tract infection who is on intravenous gentamicin (Garamycin). What interventions should the nurse plan for this child with regard to this medication? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In caring for a child with a urinary tract infection on IV gentamicin, it is crucial for the nurse to plan specific interventions related to this medication. Encouraging fluids is essential because gentamicin is nephrotoxic, and adequate hydration helps to protect the kidneys. Monitoring urinary output is important to assess renal function and ensure the drug is being excreted properly. Monitoring sodium serum levels is not directly related to gentamicin therapy but is important for overall electrolyte balance in the body. The correct answer is D, as all the interventions are relevant to the safe administration of gentamicin in a child with a UTI. Encouraging fluids helps maintain renal perfusion, monitoring urinary output aids in assessing renal function and drug excretion, and checking sodium levels ensures overall electrolyte balance. These interventions are vital in preventing nephrotoxicity and optimizing therapeutic outcomes. Options A, B, and C are explained in the context of the child's condition and the medication being administered. Understanding the rationale behind each intervention is crucial for safe and effective nursing care, especially when managing medications that can have potentially serious side effects like gentamicin. This question highlights the importance of comprehensive nursing care and medication management in pediatric patients with urinary tract infections.