A child is admitted with a serious infection. After two days of antibiotics, he is severely neutropenic. The physician orders granulocyte transfusions for the next four days. The mother asks the nurse why? The nurse responds:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Granulocyte transfusions are used to temporarily increase the white blood cell count in severely neutropenic patients, particularly those with life-threatening infections. These transfusions provide functional granulocytes to help fight the infection while the patient's bone marrow recovers and begins producing its own white blood cells. This explanation is accurate and reassures the mother that the treatment is aimed at supporting the child's immune system during a critical period.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Sildenafil (Viagra), a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, enhances penile blood flow by increasing cyclic GMP, directly treating erectile dysfunction (ED) and is the standard first-line therapy. Leuprolide, a GnRH agonist, suppresses testosterone for prostate cancer, potentially worsening ED. Finasteride, for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), reduces prostate size but may cause ED as a side effect, not treat it. Tamsulosin, an alpha-blocker for BPH, improves urinary flow but isn't indicated for ED and can lower blood pressure. Sildenafil's targeted action on vascular mechanisms in ED distinguishes it, offering rapid efficacy and a well-established safety profile for this condition.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to give the client regarding discontinuing a beta blocker is that it should NOT be abruptly stopped; the dose should be tapered down. Suddenly stopping a beta blocker can lead to rebound hypertension, angina, and even heart attack in some cases. Tapering down the dose helps the body adjust gradually and reduces the risk of adverse effects associated with abrupt discontinuation. It is important for the client to follow the healthcare provider's guidance on how to safely decrease the dose of the beta blocker.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cholestyramine (Questran) is a bile acid sequestrant used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood. To prevent clumping and sticking to the glass when mixing the powder, the nurse will suggest mixing the powder with food or fruit, or at least 4 to 6 ounces of fluid. This method helps to evenly disperse the powder and prevent clumping, making it easier for the patient to consume the medication. Mixing the powder with a carbonated soda drink (choice A) may not be suitable as the effervescence of the soda could affect the medication's stability. Adding the powder to any liquid and stirring vigorously (choice B) may not dissolve the powder effectively. Taking the powder dry on a spoon followed by a glass of water (choice E) may be difficult for the patient to swallow and may not distribute the medication evenly. Mixing with food or fluid provides a more palatable and effective method for administering Questr

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Amitriptyline and Ditropan (oxybutynin), both anticholinergics, risk paralytic ileus , stopping GI motility, causing pain and obstruction. Hepatitis , pancreatitis , overdose , and normalcy (E) don't fit. Combined anticholinergic effects explain this acute issue.