A causative agent is

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a causative agent is specifically a pathogen or microorganism that causes disease in the body. Pathogens are infectious agents that can lead to illness or disease. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Any microorganism in the body does not necessarily cause disease, C) Normal flora are beneficial bacteria and do not always cause disease, and D) The waiting period between pathogen entry and infection is known as the incubation period, not the causative agent.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because having the resident lean forward and place her head between her knees can help increase blood flow to the brain, potentially preventing a full faint. This position promotes better circulation and oxygenation to the brain, helping the resident feel better. Choice A is incorrect as it can worsen the situation by causing the resident to fall and potentially get hurt. Choice C is incorrect as tightening clothing can restrict blood flow and exacerbate the fainting episode. Choice D is incorrect as leaving the resident alone may lead to a dangerous situation if the symptoms worsen.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because lack of sleep can indeed cause decreased mental function. Sleep is crucial for cognitive processes, memory consolidation, and overall brain function. Without sufficient sleep, individuals may experience difficulty concentrating, memory lapses, and impaired decision-making. Choice A is incorrect because the elderly actually tend to have more difficulty falling asleep due to changes in sleep patterns with age. Choice B is incorrect as the elderly are more sensitive to the effects of sleep deprivation. Choice D is incorrect as consistent lack of sleep can lead to various health issues, impacting overall well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because when transferring a resident with a weak side, it is important to move the stronger side first to provide better support and stability. By moving the stronger side first, you can ensure proper weight distribution and reduce the risk of falls or injuries. This approach also helps prevent the weaker side from bearing too much weight or strain. Choice A is incorrect because moving the weaker side first may compromise the resident's safety and stability. Choice C is incorrect as it can lead to imbalance and increase the risk of falls. Choice D is incorrect because the sequence of movement does matter to ensure a safe transfer for both the resident and the caregiver.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Residents' hair should be handled gently to avoid pulling it out while combing or brushing. This is important for maintaining their comfort and preventing hair loss. Choice B is incorrect as hairstyles should be chosen based on residents' preferences and comfort, not based on looking cute. Choice C is incorrect as cutting residents' hair should be done by a professional hairdresser, not by nursing assistants. Choice D is incorrect as pediculosis (lice) can indeed spread quickly if not treated promptly and properly.