A caregiver is seeking guidance from a healthcare provider concerning a child diagnosed with impetigo. Which of the following instructions should the healthcare provider include?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The healthcare provider should recommend applying antibiotic ointment to the lesions to prevent the spread of infection and facilitate healing. Antibiotic ointment helps combat the bacterial infection associated with impetigo and supports the skin's recovery process. This approach aids in reducing symptoms, preventing complications, and promoting a quicker resolution of the condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, providing education to parents is crucial for the proper care of their children. In the case of diaper dermatitis, the correct instruction for the nurse to include is option B: Expose the baby's skin to air. This is because allowing the baby's skin to be exposed to air helps in promoting healing and preventing further irritation by keeping the area dry and reducing moisture which can exacerbate the dermatitis. Option A is incorrect as using baby wipes that contain alcohol can further irritate the baby's sensitive skin and worsen the dermatitis. Option C is also wrong as using a blow dryer on the warm setting can be too harsh on the baby's delicate skin and may cause further irritation. Option D, giving the baby a bath once a week, is not the best instruction for diaper dermatitis. Frequent bathing can strip the skin of its natural oils and disrupt the skin barrier, making it more susceptible to irritation. Educational context should emphasize the importance of gentle skin care practices, keeping the diaper area clean and dry, and using barrier creams to protect the skin. Encouraging open communication with healthcare providers for ongoing support and guidance is also essential for parents caring for infants with dermatitis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct test for an x-ray examination of the bladder and urethra before and during micturition is a voiding cystourethrogram. This procedure allows visualization of the bladder and urethra while the patient is urinating to assess for any abnormalities in the anatomy or function of these structures.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, it is crucial to educate adolescents on preventive measures for urinary tract infections (UTIs). The best beverage to recommend to maintain acidic urine, thereby preventing UTIs, is apple juice (Option C). Apple juice contains ascorbic acid, which can help acidify urine and create an environment less conducive to bacterial growth, reducing the risk of UTIs. Milk (Option A) is not recommended as it can make the urine less acidic due to its calcium content. Grape juice (Option B) and orange juice (Option D) are also acidic, but they are not as effective as apple juice in acidifying the urine. Educating adolescents on the importance of maintaining proper hydration and consuming specific beverages can empower them to take control of their health and prevent common issues like UTIs. By explaining the rationale behind recommending apple juice over other options, healthcare providers can help adolescents make informed choices about their dietary habits and promote preventive healthcare practices. This educational context ensures that adolescents understand the reasoning behind the recommendations and can apply this knowledge to maintain their urinary health effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In nephrotic syndrome, edema is a common symptom that is generalized and not easily noticeable, even by parents. However, an early sign that can be assessed by the nurse is periorbital edema, which refers to swelling around the eyes. This can be an initial indicator of nephrosis and may prompt further evaluation and intervention.