ATI RN
Pediatric HESI Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A baby is born precipitously in the ER. The nurses initial action should be to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The initial action that the nurses should take after a baby is born precipitously in the ER is to establish an airway for the baby. This is crucial for ensuring the baby's ability to breathe properly and for their overall well-being. Clearing the airway helps prevent complications such as asphyxia and ensures that the baby is receiving adequate oxygen. Once the airway has been established and the baby's breathing is stable, then other assessments and actions can be taken.
Question 2 of 5
When evaluating a severely depressed adolescent, the nurse knows that one indicator of a high risk for suicide is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A key indicator of high risk for suicide in a severely depressed adolescent is a preoccupation with death. This preoccupation may manifest as talking about death frequently, expressing a desire to die, or showing an interest in activities or media related to death. It is important for healthcare providers to take any mention of suicidal thoughts or intentions seriously and to assess for other risk factors. While depression, excessive sleepiness, and a history of cocaine use may also be concerning in an adolescent's mental health assessment, a preoccupation with death is a more direct indicator of suicidal risk. It is crucial for healthcare providers to address suicidal ideation promptly and to ensure the adolescent receives appropriate mental health support and interventions.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following organisms is the most common cause of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. UTIs in children are most commonly caused by bacteria entering the urinary tract through the urethra. E. coli is a type of bacteria that naturally resides in the intestines but can cause infections when it enters the urinary tract. Children, especially girls, are more prone to UTIs due to shorter urethras that make it easier for bacteria to travel up to the bladder. Therefore, E. coli is the most likely culprit in causing UTIs in children.
Question 4 of 5
While Andres is being assessed at the clinic, Nurse Shiela observed that the child appears to be small, with an immature face and chubby body build. Her parents stated that their child's rate of growth of all body parts is somewhat slow, but her proportions and intelligence remain normal. As a knowledgeable nurse, you know that the child has a deficiency of which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The child described in the scenario displays characteristics consistent with growth hormone deficiency. Growth hormone is essential for the growth and development of bones, muscles, and other tissues in the body. A deficiency in growth hormone can result in growth retardation, where the child appears small with slow growth rates of body parts. Despite the physical stunting, intelligence remains normal as growth hormone does not affect intellectual development. Treatment for growth hormone deficiency usually involves hormone replacement therapy to help the child achieve normal growth and development.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following tests is most effective in diagnosing hemophilia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is the most effective test in diagnosing hemophilia. Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that results in prolonged clotting times due to deficiencies in specific clotting factors, such as factor VIII (hemophilia A) or factor IX (hemophilia B). PTT is a screening test that evaluates the intrinsic pathway of coagulation and helps identify deficiencies in clotting factors. In patients with hemophilia, PTT is typically prolonged due to the reduced activity of the deficient clotting factor. Therefore, measuring PTT can aid in the diagnosis of hemophilia by assessing the clotting function and identifying specific clotting factor deficiencies. Other tests like bleeding time, CBC, and platelet count are important in evaluating overall bleeding tendencies, but they are not as specific for diagnosing hemophilia as the PTT test.