ATI RN
Pediatric Musculoskeletal Disorders NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 9-month-old infant presented with adducted forefoot, normal midfoot and hindfoot, and a convex lateral border of his foot, while his ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion are normal. Of the following, the BEST action at this time is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mild metatarsus adductus in a 9-month-old with normal flexibility often resolves spontaneously, warranting reassurance.
Question 2 of 5
Red flags for childhood back pain include all the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: School age is not a red flag; the others suggest serious underlying conditions like infection or neurological issues.
Question 3 of 5
A 12-year-old female experienced diarrhea, which lasted for 3 days, 2 weeks before manifesting progressive weakness and inability to walk. She has intermittent tingling of her fingers and toes. Physical examination reveals marked peripheral muscle weakness without atrophy or fasciculations. The deep tendon reflexes are absent in her ankles and 1+ at her knees. Findings on the sensory examination are normal. Motor involvement is symmetric. The most likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is characterized by a history of preceding infection (e.g., diarrhea), symmetric progressive weakness, areflexia, and sensory symptoms like tingling, without atrophy or fasciculations. Transverse myelitis typically involves sensory loss and asymmetric findings; polio causes asymmetric weakness with atrophy; myasthenia gravis features fatigable weakness without sensory symptoms; mononeuritis multiplex is focal and asymmetric.
Question 4 of 5
Matching: Absent deep tendon reflexes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Polyneuropathy (e.g., Guillain-Barré) commonly causes absent deep tendon reflexes due to peripheral nerve involvement. Myopathy spares reflexes; neuromuscular junction defects (e.g., myasthenia) don't typically affect reflexes; upper motor neuron defects cause hyperreflexia.
Question 5 of 5
Matching: Cardiomegaly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pompe disease (glycogen storage disease) causes cardiomegaly due to glycogen accumulation in the heart. Other conditions less commonly affect the heart this way.