ATI RN
jarvis physical examination and health assessment 9th edition test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 78-year-old woman with cardiovascular disease declines creating an advance directive. Which characteristic is necessary for a healthcare agent?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because knowing how the patient defines quality of life is crucial for making healthcare decisions aligned with the patient's values and preferences. This ensures the healthcare agent can advocate for the patient's wishes effectively. Geographic proximity (A) is not necessary as communication can be maintained remotely. Being a family member (C) may create biases, and medical training (D) is not essential for understanding the patient's values.
Question 2 of 5
Subtypes of elder mistreatment include:
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Based on the given choices, none of them individually cover all subtypes of elder mistreatment. The correct answer should include all the mentioned subtypes: psychological mistreatment, physical mistreatment, sexual mistreatment, and financial exploitation. Therefore, the correct answer is not any of the provided options, as they are all individual subtypes and not a comprehensive list of all subtypes of elder mistreatment.
Question 3 of 5
Which lesion is dark, raised, and asymmetric with an irregular border?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Melanoma. Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that typically presents as a dark, raised lesion with an irregular border and asymmetry. This is due to the abnormal growth of melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells in the skin. Nevus (A) is a common mole that is usually symmetrical and has a regular border. Actinic keratosis (B) is a precancerous lesion that is typically rough and scaly, not dark or raised. Keratoacanthoma (C) is a low-grade skin cancer that often appears as a dome-shaped lesion with a central crater, not necessarily dark or asymmetric.
Question 4 of 5
During the breast examination of a perimenopausal woman, the NP detects a bloody spontaneous discharge from the right nipple. This indicates further evaluation:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: An intraductal papilloma. Bloody spontaneous discharge from the nipple in a perimenopausal woman is concerning for an intraductal papilloma, which is a benign growth in the milk ducts. Further evaluation with imaging studies and possibly a biopsy is necessary to rule out malignancy. Choice A: Fibroadenoma is a common benign breast tumor but does not typically present with bloody discharge. Choice B: Polycystic breast disease is not associated with bloody discharge and is characterized by multiple fluid-filled cysts in the breast tissue. Choice D: Pituitary prolactinoma is a benign tumor of the pituitary gland that can cause elevated prolactin levels leading to nipple discharge, but it is not typically bloody and would not present with spontaneous discharge from the nipple.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following conditions is NOT a typical finding of hyperprolactinemia in a 47-year-old premenopausal woman?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale for correct answer D: Acne is NOT a typical finding of hyperprolactinemia in a 47-year-old premenopausal woman because hyperprolactinemia usually presents with symptoms related to hormonal imbalance, such as irregular menstrual cycles (oligomenorrhea), breast changes (gynecomastia), and excess body hair (hirsutism). Acne is not directly associated with elevated prolactin levels. Summary of incorrect choices: A: Hirsutism - Hirsutism is a common finding in hyperprolactinemia due to hormonal imbalances. B: Gynecomastia - Gynecomastia can occur in hyperprolactinemia due to the suppression of testosterone. C: Oligomenorrhea - Oligomenorrhea is a typical finding in hyperprolactinemia due to disruptions in the menstrual cycle.