ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 72-year-old man is brought to his physician by his son. The son complains that this patient has been becoming forgetful, confused, moody, and aggressive over the past few months. One drug that may be used to treat this patient's symptoms is donepezil. Which of the following describes an effect of donepezil?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Donepezil, a cholinesterase inhibitor, increases synaptic acetylcholine levels by preventing its breakdown, improving cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease.
Question 2 of 5
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) should never be used in pregnant women because it is associated with all of the following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: DES, a synthetic estrogen, causes deep vein thrombosis (choice A), feminization of male offspring (choice B), and miscarriages (choice C) in pregnancy, linked to historical congenital anomalies (e.g., vaginal adenocarcinoma). Virilization of female offspring (choice D) isn't reported; DES mimics estrogen, not androgens. This exception highlights its teratogenic risks, banning its use in pregnancy.
Question 3 of 5
Agents that often cause vasoconstriction include all of the following except
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prostacyclin is a vasodilator, while others are vasoconstrictors.
Question 4 of 5
Anti-epileptic, chemically derived from the tricyclic antidepressant is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carbamazepine is a tricyclic antidepressant derivative that is commonly used in the treatment of epilepsy especially for focal and generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
Question 5 of 5
In the treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in which there is excess production of cortisol precursor, the purpose of administration of synthetic glucocorticoid is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In CAH (choice D), synthetic glucocorticoids suppress ACTH, reducing adrenal precursor excess (e.g., 17-hydroxyprogesterone). Aldosterone (choice A), renal (choice B), and immune (choice C) effects aren't primary goals. ACTH suppression corrects the defect.