A 72-year-old male with enlargement of superficial lymph nodes and mild hepatosplenomegaly is diagnosed as having chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL). The most important criteria for diagnosis of this disease is the

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ATI Hematologic System Quizlet Questions

Question 1 of 5

A 72-year-old male with enlargement of superficial lymph nodes and mild hepatosplenomegaly is diagnosed as having chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL). The most important criteria for diagnosis of this disease is the

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Absolute lymphocytes. In CLL, the most important diagnostic criterion is an absolute lymphocyte count of more than 5,000 cells per microliter in the peripheral blood. This is a key feature of CLL and distinguishes it from other conditions. Hypogammaglobulinemia (choice A) may occur in CLL but is not as specific for diagnosis. Male predominance (choice C) is a general characteristic of CLL but is not a diagnostic criterion. Presence of enlarged lymph nodes (choice D) is a common manifestation of CLL but not the most important criteria for diagnosis.

Question 2 of 5

Which of the following is wrong concerning Philadelphia chromosome:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the Philadelphia chromosome is found in myeloid (not lymphoid) cells in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). This is due to a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22, resulting in a shortened chromosome 22q, not chromosome 22 itself. Choice A is incorrect because the long arm of chromosome 22 is affected. Choice B is incorrect as Philadelphia chromosome-negative cases can have a favorable prognosis. Choice C is incorrect as the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome is diagnostic of CML.

Question 3 of 5

All produce microcytic anemia except:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: pernicious anemia. Pernicious anemia is a macrocytic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, leading to large red blood cells. Sideroblastic anemia (A) is a type of microcytic anemia due to ineffective iron utilization. Thalassemia (B) causes microcytic anemia due to decreased production of hemoglobin. Lead poisoning (D) can also lead to microcytic anemia by disrupting heme synthesis. Therefore, pernicious anemia is the only choice that does not produce microcytic anemia.

Question 4 of 5

Which is not associated with hypersplenism:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Hypersplenism is characterized by splenomegaly (A), causing sequestration and destruction of blood cells. 2. Pancytopenia (B) results from excessive destruction of blood cells in the enlarged spleen. 3. Hypercellular bone marrow (C) is not directly associated with hypersplenism; it is a compensatory response to increased blood cell destruction. 4. Splenectomy (D) can reverse the effects of hypersplenism by removing the source of blood cell destruction. Therefore, the correct answer is C as hypercellular bone marrow is a secondary response to hypersplenism, not a direct association.

Question 5 of 5

Outstanding feature of ITP:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: gum bleeding. In immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), the hallmark feature is low platelet count leading to easy bruising and bleeding, including gum bleeding. Fever (choice A) is not a typical feature of ITP. Moderate splenomegaly (choice C) is less common in ITP. Stema tenderness (choice D) is not a recognized feature of ITP. Therefore, gum bleeding is the outstanding feature of ITP due to the primary underlying mechanism of platelet destruction.

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