ATI RN
Immune System Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 70-year-old patient with acute myelocytic leukemia is receiving sargramostim (Leukine). What is a priority nursing action for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increasing fluids. In a patient with acute myelocytic leukemia receiving sargramostim, hydration is crucial to prevent dehydration and maintain renal function due to the potential for increased urine output. Adequate fluids help prevent complications such as renal impairment and electrolyte imbalances. Providing a quiet environment (A) can be beneficial but not the priority. Comfort measures for nausea (C) are important but do not address the immediate need for hydration. Encouraging appropriate dietary intake (D) is important but not as critical as ensuring adequate fluid intake in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse admits a patient who was newly diagnosed with Kaposi's sarcoma to the unit. The physician has ordered an IV infusion of an interferon. What drug would be appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Interferon alfa 2b. This is the appropriate drug for Kaposi's sarcoma treatment due to its antiviral and immunomodulatory properties. Interferon alfa 2b is commonly used in the treatment of this condition. Interferon beta1a (A) is used for multiple sclerosis, not Kaposi's sarcoma. Interferon gamma 1b (B) is mainly used for chronic granulomatous disease. Peginterferon alfa 2b (D) is used for hepatitis C treatment, not Kaposi's sarcoma. Therefore, the correct choice is Interferon alfa 2b for this patient.
Question 3 of 5
What monoclonal antibody is used to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in high-risk children?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Palivizumab. Palivizumab is specifically designed to prevent RSV in high-risk children by targeting the virus. Natalizumab is used for multiple sclerosis, Belimumab for lupus, and Eculizumab for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. These choices are incorrect as they do not target RSV.
Question 4 of 5
The pharmacology instructor is explaining interleukins to the class. What would be the best definition of interleukins?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for choice C: Interleukins are chemicals that facilitate communication between leukocytes, aiding in the stimulation of immunity. This is accurate because interleukins play a crucial role in regulating immune responses and coordinating interactions between different immune cells. They help in the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of leukocytes, thereby enhancing the body's immune defense mechanisms. Summary of other choices: A: Incorrect. Interleukins are not specifically related to responses against viral infections, but rather play a broader role in immune regulation. B: Incorrect. Interleukins generally do not block inflammatory reactions; instead, they often promote immune responses. D: Incorrect. While interleukins do bind to specific receptors, their functions are not limited to responding to very specific situations, but rather involve broader immune regulation.
Question 5 of 5
While studying the T- and B-cell immune suppressors, the nursing students learn that the most commonly used immune suppressant is what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cyclosporine (Sandimmune). Cyclosporine is commonly used as an immunosuppressant to prevent rejection in organ transplant recipients and for treating autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. It works by inhibiting T-cell activation and proliferation. Azathioprine (B) is also an immunosuppressant but is not as commonly used as Cyclosporine. Pimecrolimus (C) is a topical medication used for eczema and not a systemic immune suppressant. Glatiramer (D) is used for treating multiple sclerosis but is not a commonly used immune suppressant.