ATI RN
Immune System Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 70-year-old patient with acute myelocytic leukemia is receiving sargramostim (Leukine). What is a priority nursing action for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increasing fluids. This is because sargramostim can cause fluid retention and capillary leak syndrome, leading to fluid overload. By increasing fluids, the nurse can help prevent complications such as pulmonary edema. Providing a quiet environment (A), comfort measures for nausea (C), and encouraging dietary intake (D) are important but not the priority in this case. Increasing fluids takes precedence due to the potential serious adverse effects of sargramostim.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse admits a patient who was newly diagnosed with Kaposi's sarcoma to the unit. The physician has ordered an IV infusion of an interferon. What drug would be appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Interferon alfa 2b. Interferon alfa 2b is commonly used in the treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma. It has shown efficacy in inhibiting the growth of tumor cells and boosting the immune system. Interferon beta1a (A) is used for multiple sclerosis, not Kaposi's sarcoma. Interferon gamma 1b (B) is used for chronic granulomatous disease, not Kaposi's sarcoma. Peginterferon alfa 2b (D) is used for hepatitis C, not Kaposi's sarcoma. Hence, choice C is the most appropriate for this patient.
Question 3 of 5
What monoclonal antibody is used to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in high-risk children?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Palivizumab. Palivizumab is used to prevent RSV in high-risk children by targeting the RSV F protein, reducing the severity of infection. Natalizumab (B) is used for multiple sclerosis, Belimumab (C) is for systemic lupus erythematosus, and Eculizumab (D) is for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, making them incorrect choices for preventing RSV.
Question 4 of 5
The pharmacology instructor is explaining interleukins to the class. What would be the best definition of interleukins?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Interleukins are signaling proteins that mediate communication between leukocytes to regulate immune responses. Choice C accurately describes interleukins' function in stimulating immunity through leukocyte interactions. Choice A is incorrect because interleukins are not produced in response to viral invasion specifically. Choice B is incorrect as interleukins generally regulate and amplify inflammatory responses instead of blocking them. Choice D is incorrect because while interleukins do bind to specific receptors, they are involved in a broader range of immune responses beyond very specific situations.
Question 5 of 5
While studying the T- and B-cell immune suppressors, the nursing students learn that the most commonly used immune suppressant is what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) because it is the most commonly used immune suppressant for T- and B-cell suppression in various conditions like organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases. Cyclosporine works by inhibiting T-cell activation and cytokine production. Azathioprine (B) is primarily used for organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases but is not as commonly used as Cyclosporine. Pimecrolimus (C) is a topical immunosuppressant used for eczema treatment, not for systemic immune suppression like Cyclosporine. Glatiramer (D) is used for treating multiple sclerosis by modulating the immune response but is not the most commonly used immune suppressant overall.