ATI RN
Genitourinary System Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 70 year old man has severe urinary hesitancy associated with BPH. He has tried alpha blockers with little effect. His physician recommends a drug that blocks 5α-reductase in the prostate which is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Finasteride. Finasteride is a 5α-reductase inhibitor that reduces the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone in the prostate, thereby shrinking the prostate gland and improving urinary symptoms in BPH. Leuprolide (A) is a GnRH agonist used in prostate cancer, not BPH. Flutamide (C) is an antiandrogen used in prostate cancer. Ketoconazole (D) is an antifungal drug and not indicated for BPH.
Question 2 of 5
Intravenous furosemide is an alternative potent diuretic to Mannitol in the treatment of the following condition:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pulmonary edema. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that is commonly used to treat pulmonary edema by reducing fluid overload in the lungs. It works by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and water in the loop of Henle in the kidneys, leading to increased urine output. This helps to alleviate the congestion and fluid accumulation in the lungs seen in pulmonary edema. Mannitol, on the other hand, is typically used for cerebral edema due to its osmotic diuretic properties. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as furosemide is not the preferred diuretic for cardiac, cerebral, or cirrhotic edema.
Question 3 of 5
Desmopressin reduces urine volume in which of the following condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Desmopressin reduces urine volume by mimicking the effects of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). In central diabetes insipidus, there is a deficiency of ADH production, so desmopressin can help by supplementing ADH. In renal diabetes insipidus, the kidneys do not respond to ADH, so desmopressin would not be effective. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Choice B is incorrect because desmopressin does not address the underlying issue of kidney insensitivity to ADH. Choice C is incorrect because desmopressin is effective only in central diabetes insipidus. Choice D is incorrect because desmopressin is effective in central diabetes insipidus.
Question 4 of 5
Why should the nurse assess the client's pressure dressing frequently after an angiography procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To note hematoma formation. After an angiography procedure, there is a risk of bleeding under the pressure dressing, leading to hematoma formation. By assessing the dressing frequently, the nurse can detect any signs of hematoma early, preventing complications such as compromised circulation or infection. Checking for frank bleeding (Choice A) is important but less likely to occur under a pressure dressing. Arterial occlusion (Choice C) is a serious but less immediate concern post-angiography. Assessing peripheral pulses (Choice D) is also important but not specific to monitoring for hematoma formation.
Question 5 of 5
One of your patients is awaiting laboratory results for kidney function. The patient has recently recovered from a streptococcal throat infection. The patient has most likely developed symptoms of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Glomerulonephritis. Streptococcal infection can lead to poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN), an immune-mediated inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys. This results in hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and edema. Pyelonephritis (choice A) is a bacterial infection of the kidneys, not related to streptococcal infection. Nephrolithiasis (choice B) is the formation of kidney stones, which is not directly linked to streptococcal infection. Chronic renal failure (choice C) is a long-term decline in kidney function, not typically caused by streptococcal infection.