ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions On Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 7-year old boy suffers from mental retardation and self-mutilation and has increased levels of serum uric acid. These symptoms are characteristic of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, which is due to defective
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lesch-Nyhan syndrome results from HGPRT deficiency, impairing purine salvage, raising uric acid not pyrimidine pathways or xanthine oxidase. This distinguishes purine metabolism defects, critical for neurologic/renal symptoms, contrasting with other enzymes.
Question 2 of 5
Which one of the following compounds cannot give rise to the net synthesis of Glucose?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gluconeogenesis uses lactate, α-ketoglutarate, and glycerol not acetyl CoA (enters Krebs, no net glucose). This distinguishes gluconeogenic substrates, key for fasting metabolism, contrasting with irreversible pathways.
Question 3 of 5
The first line medical treatment for prevention of Cystine stones is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increasing cystine solubility (e.g., via alkalinization, fluids) is first-line for cystine stones raises pH above 7, reducing precipitation. Acidification worsens solubility opposite effect. Lowering sodium aids calcium stones, not cystine irrelevant. Intestinal binding isn't a strategy cystine is renal. Solubility enhancement distinguishes cystine prevention, key to managing this genetic defect, unlike counterproductive, unrelated, or non-existent approaches.
Question 4 of 5
The most common genetic cause for male infertility is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 47 XXY (Klinefelter syndrome) is the most common genetic male infertility cause extra X disrupts spermatogenesis, causing azoospermia. 47 XYY (Jacob's) rarely affects fertility normal testes. 45 XO (Turner's) is female, not male irrelevant. 46 XY is normal male karyotype no infertility link. Klinefelter's chromosomal excess distinguishes it, critical for genetic infertility, unlike rare, female, or normal variants.
Question 5 of 5
The Substrate for NOS (Nitric Oxide Synthase)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: L-Arginine is the substrate for NOS converted to nitric oxide (NO) and citrulline, key for vasodilation (e.g., erection). Citrulline is a product, not substrate resultant. Cyclic AMP/GMP are second messengers, not NOS inputs downstream. Arginine's conversion distinguishes it, critical for NO production, unlike products or signaling molecules.