A 7-year-old boy is brought to the ED by his parents several minutes after he fell through a window. He is bleeding profusely from a 6-cm wound of his medial right thigh. Immediate management of the wound should consist of:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Direct pressure on the wound. Direct pressure is the initial step to control bleeding from a wound. It helps to compress blood vessels and stop bleeding. A tourniquet (A) is not necessary and can lead to complications if used inappropriately. Packing the wound with gauze (C) may not be effective in controlling bleeding from a large wound and can cause further trauma. Direct pressure on the femoral artery at the groin (D) is not recommended as a primary measure and can be difficult to perform effectively in an emergency setting.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Perform needle cricothyroidotomy with jet insufflation". In this scenario, the infant is in respiratory distress with unsuccessful intubation. Needle cricothyroidotomy is the most appropriate procedure as it provides a rapid and effective way to establish a patent airway in an emergency. Jet insufflation helps provide oxygenation. Administering heliox and racemic epinephrine (B) is not appropriate for this immediate airway management situation. Nasotracheal intubation (C) is not recommended in the case of failed oral intubation and the urgency of the situation. Surgical cricothyroidotomy (D) is more invasive and time-consuming compared to needle cricothyroidotomy in this critical condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Early gastric decompression is important." In pregnant patients following blunt trauma, there is a risk of delayed gastric emptying and aspiration due to compression of the stomach by the gravid uterus. Early gastric decompression helps to prevent aspiration pneumonia and improve respiratory outcomes. Choice B is incorrect because a hemoglobin level of 10g/dl does not specifically indicate recent blood loss in a pregnant patient. Choice C is incorrect as pregnant patients can have a normal or exaggerated CVP response to volume resuscitation. Choice D is incorrect as a lap belt can cause direct pressure on the gravid uterus, increasing the risk of fetal injury during blunt trauma.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because being empathetic involves understanding and sharing the feelings of others. This includes recognizing emotions and showing compassion. Choice A is incorrect as empathy goes beyond just being alert. Choice B is incorrect as accurate documentation is not necessarily related to empathy. Choice D is incorrect as taking responsibility for one's actions is not the definition of being empathetic. Empathy is about emotional connection and understanding others' perspectives.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Report it at once to his supervisor. This is because reporting abuse to the supervisor is crucial to ensure proper investigation and intervention by trained professionals. Confronting the abuser (B) can escalate the situation and put the nursing assistant at risk. Trying to stop the abuse himself (C) could be dangerous and may not address the root cause of the abuse. Calling the resident's family (D) may not lead to immediate action or protection for the resident. Reporting to the supervisor is the most appropriate and effective way to handle suspected abuse.