ATI RN
Pharmacology CNS Drugs Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 7-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his mother for a well-child checkup. Physical exam is normal, and he is in no acute distress. A few months ago, he started taking atomoxetine for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. His mother has been pleased with the results but has one complaint that the physician immediately recognizes as a common side effect of atomoxetine. Which of the following is most likely the mother's complaint?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
An 83-year-old woman with Parkinson's disease is currently being treated with carbidopa/levodopa, but her Parkinson's symptoms are worsening. She has normal liver function and no history of liver disease. Selegiline is added to her regimen. How does selegiline help in Parkinson's disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the context of treating Parkinson's disease, the addition of selegiline to the regimen of an 83-year-old woman who is already on carbidopa/levodopa aims to improve symptom management. The correct answer is C) Inhibition of MAO. Selegiline is a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor, specifically targeting MAO-B. MAO-B breaks down dopamine in the brain, and by inhibiting this enzyme, selegiline helps to increase dopamine levels in the brain. This increase in dopamine levels can alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as tremors and muscle rigidity. Now, let's look at why the other options are incorrect: A) Increased norepinephrine synthesis: This is not the mechanism of action of selegiline in treating Parkinson's disease. Norepinephrine is not the primary neurotransmitter affected in Parkinson's. B) Inhibition of COMT: Selegiline does not inhibit catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), which is another enzyme involved in dopamine metabolism. D) Stimulation of acetylcholine release: While acetylcholine is involved in Parkinson's disease, selegiline does not directly stimulate its release. Understanding the mechanisms of action of different drugs used in treating Parkinson's disease is crucial for healthcare professionals to make informed decisions about patient care. By grasping how each drug works, they can optimize treatment plans and improve patient outcomes.
Question 3 of 5
A 53-year-old man comes to clinic for depression. He has had decreased interest and a depressed mood for the past 6 months. He also smokes half a pack of cigarettes a day and thinks that if he could quit, that would help his mood as well. What is the most appropriate treatment for his depression and cessation of smoking?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
A 45-year-old woman with chronic anxiety presents to her primary care physician for follow-up. She currently takes Librium 10 mg three times per day. Important warning considerations for use of this medication include which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
The use of morphine is contraindicated in all the following conditions EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Morphine is contraindicated in conditions where its effects exacerbate risks. In head injuries (choice A), it masks neurological signs (e.g., pupil changes) and raises intracranial pressure via CO2 retention from respiratory depression. In bronchial asthma (choice B), respiratory depression worsens hypoxemia. In myxoedema (choice D), slowed metabolism increases sensitivity to CNS depression. However, in acute left ventricular failure (choice C), morphine is beneficial, reducing preload and anxiety in pulmonary edema, improving oxygenation. This exception reflects its therapeutic role in cardiac emergencies, contrasting with contraindications where CNS or respiratory depression is detrimental. Understanding these nuances guides safe morphine use.