A 68-year old client has been complaining of sleeping more, increased urination, anorexia, weakness, irritability, depression, and bone pain that interferes with her going outdoors. Based on these assessment findings, the nurse would suspect which of the following disorders?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The symptoms described in the client, such as increased urination, anorexia, weakness, irritability, depression, and bone pain suggest hyperparathyroidism. In hyperparathyroidism, excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) is released, leading to increased calcium levels in the blood. This results in symptoms such as increased thirst and urination (polyuria), anorexia, weakness, irritability, depression, and bone pain. The bone pain in hyperparathyroidism can be severe and interfere with the client's ability to go outdoors. It is essential to consider hyperparathyroidism as a potential cause of these symptoms in the 68-year-old client and further diagnostic evaluations should be conducted to confirm the diagnosis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Parents should be encouraged to name their newborn if they have not done so already because giving the baby a name can help the parents acknowledge their baby as a unique individual. It can also provide a sense of connection and identity, which can be important for the grieving process and coping with the loss. Naming the baby allows the parents to honor their child's existence and memory, and it can be a meaningful part of their healing journey.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When suctioning a patient, it is important to limit the suctioning time to avoid hypoxia and tissue trauma. The maximum recommended time for suctioning an adult patient is usually around 10-15 seconds. However, in some cases, such as when dealing with thick or excessive secretions, the maximum time can be extended up to 30 seconds. In this particular case, where James is likely experiencing respiratory distress due to his symptoms, it would be appropriate for Wilma to suction him for a maximum of 30 seconds to effectively clear his airways while minimizing the risk of complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The nurse will assess a loss of ability in the area of balance. Balance is an essential component of the physical function that allows individuals to maintain an upright posture and stability during movement. A loss of balance can significantly impact a person's mobility, coordination, and safety. Nurses often assess balance as part of their evaluations to identify any impairments that may affect a patient's independence and daily activities.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy for minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Minimal change disease is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children, and corticosteroids are highly effective in inducing remission in these patients. They work by reducing inflammation and decreasing the permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier in the kidneys, thereby reducing proteinuria. Antihypertensive agents are used to control blood pressure in patients with renal involvement, and long-term diuretics are not typically recommended in nephrotic syndrome due to the risk of worsening kidney function. Increased fluids to promote diuresis are also not indicated as the primary treatment for minimal change nephrotic syndrome.