A 67-year-old man with long-standing hypertension presents to his primary care physician for follow-up. He is managed with spironolactone. Physical examination reveals bilateral gynecomastia. He states that he has recently underwent an endoscopy, which revealed gastric ulcers. What is the most likely explanation for these findings?

A 67-year-old man with long-standing hypertension presents to his primary care physician for follow-up. He is managed with spironolactone. Physical examination reveals bilateral gynecomastia. He states that he has recently underwent an endoscopy, which revealed gastric ulcers. What is the most likely explanation for these findings?

A 58-year-old man with systemic candidemia is hospitalized in the intensive care unit. He has failed treatment with outpatient oral medications. He also has a history of prostate cancer that was treated with external beam radiotherapy. He has begun on intravenous amphotericin and flucytosine. Which of the following is an important side effect for the treating physician to be aware of?

A 37-year-old woman presents to the plastic surgery group for the second round of treatment to address her wrinkles. She complains that her right eyelid and forehead are 'too droopy' and has a persistent headache since her first Botox treatment 5 days ago. What is the mechanism of action for this treatment?

A researcher is creating a novel medication to act at M₁ receptors. This agent will likely have which of the following augmentative effects on target organs?

A group of teenage boys present to the emergency department after ingesting a plant they heard would make them high. One member of the group still had some plant parts in his pocket, which you use to identify deadly nightshade. They present with xerostomia, dry eyes, flushed skin, blurry vision, and tachycardia. Which substance is likely causing their symptoms?