A 65-year-old patient with PD is experiencing moderate dyskinesias that are bothersome. The patient is on carbidopa/levodopa 25/100 mg two tablets at 7 AM and one tablet at 11 AM, 2 PM, 5 PM, 8 PM, and 11 PM. Which of the following is most appropriate:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a critical role in regulating mood, motivation, and movement. Schizophrenia is associated with excessive dopamine activity in certain brain regions, leading to symptoms like hallucinations and delusions. In contrast, Parkinson's disease is linked to a deficiency of dopamine in the basal ganglia, resulting in motor symptoms such as tremors and rigidity. Both conditions highlight the importance of dopamine in brain function and the consequences of its dysregulation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Testosterone is primarily produced by the testes in males, while estrogen is primarily produced by the ovaries in females. Both hormones play crucial roles in reproductive development and function. Testosterone is associated with male secondary sexual characteristics, such as muscle mass and facial hair, while estrogen regulates the menstrual cycle and female secondary sexual characteristics. These hormones also have broader effects on mood, bone density, and overall health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Anterograde memory dysfunction is characterized by the inability to form new memories after a traumatic event or injury, as depicted in the film 'Memento.' This condition is often linked to damage in the hippocampus or surrounding medial temporal lobe structures, which are essential for encoding and storing new information. Individuals with this dysfunction can recall past memories but struggle to create new ones, leading to significant challenges in daily functioning.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain typically caused by viral infections. Common symptoms include fever, headache, confusion, seizures, and cognitive impairments. While irritability can occur, it is not as specific or common as other symptoms like seizures or delirium. Encephalitis can lead to severe neurological complications if not treated promptly, making early diagnosis and intervention critical.