ATI RN
ABVD chemotherapy drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 65-year-old man who has already suffered one myocardial infarction because of extensive atherosclerosis is interested in modifying his risk for a second cardiac event. In terms of lipoproteins, which of the following should be modified to reduce the atherogenicity potential?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is the primary contributor to atherosclerosis; reducing LDL levels decreases plaque formation and risk of recurrent myocardial infarction.
Question 2 of 5
A 23-year-old woman who underwent a laparoscopic appendectomy is later found to have a wound infection. A culture grows methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). What is the principle mechanism this strain uses to avoid the bactericidal properties of methicillin and methicillin-related drugs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: MRSA resistance is primarily due to altered penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs, e.g., PBP2a), encoded by the mecA gene, which have low affinity for methicillin and related β-lactams.
Question 3 of 5
A 43-year-old woman who is obese undergoes laparoscopic cholecystectomy following repeated episodes of right upper quadrant pain caused by cholelithiasis. Over the next 48 h, she is found to have an MRSA wound infection. Her physician administers daptomycin. Which of the following laboratory values should she follow most closely as a result of daptomycin administration?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Daptomycin can cause myopathy, including rhabdomyolysis, so creatine kinase (CK) levels should be monitored closely to detect muscle damage.
Question 4 of 5
A 34-year-old immigrant with HIV disease complains of a productive cough with hemoptysis and night sweats. A sputum smear is positive for acid-fast bacilli. He is placed in isolation and started on isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. A few months later, he complains of a loss of his ability to discriminate certain colors. What is causing his vision impairment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ethambutol is known to cause optic neuritis, leading to color vision impairment (e.g., difficulty distinguishing red-green), a well-documented side effect in TB treatment.
Question 5 of 5
A 48-year-old man who is obese and a chronic alcoholic is hospitalized for spontaneous peritonitis. He begins a course of gentamicin as part of an empiric antibiotic regimen. Which of the following medications should the physician avoid prescribing while this patient is taking gentamicin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, increases the risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity when combined with gentamicin, due to synergistic effects on the kidneys and ears.