ATI RN
ATI Proctored Pharmacology 2024 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 63-year-old woman with congestive heart failure begins to have lower extremity swelling. She starts taking a diuretic and the swelling improves significantly. Over the next few days, however, she develops ringing in her ears. Which of the following diuretics is she taking?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diuretics treat CHF edema, but tinnitus suggests a side effect. Furosemide , a loop diuretic, causes ototoxicity (ringing in ears) at high doses. Acetazolamide , a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, doesn't typically cause this. Hydrochlorothiazide , a thiazide, rarely affects hearing. Mannitol , an osmotic diuretic, and Spironolactone (E), an aldosterone antagonist, lack ototoxicity. Furosemide's rapid action on edema fits CHF, but its cochlear toxicity explains the symptom, common in loop diuretics.
Question 2 of 5
A 56-year-old alcoholic man consumes a six-pack of beer before going to bed. After being absorbed from his gut, blood carries the alcohol through the portal vein into the liver where it can be metabolized. Ethanol is metabolized in multiple steps by various enzymes, including alcohol dehydrogenase. Which of the following describes a characteristic of this enzyme?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following medications reduces immune system-mediated inflammation via inhibition of pyrimidine synthesis to reduce the number of activated lymphocytes in the CNS?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Teriflunomide, used in multiple sclerosis, inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, blocking pyrimidine synthesis critical for lymphocyte proliferation, reducing CNS inflammation by limiting activated immune cells. Riluzole modulates glutamate for ALS, not immunity. Rotigotine, a dopamine agonist, treats Parkinson's. Dexamethasone, a corticosteroid, suppresses inflammation broadly via glucocorticoid pathways, not pyrimidine-specific mechanisms. Teriflunomide's targeted action on lymphocyte replication distinguishes it in MS, decreasing relapses by curbing immune-mediated damage, a precise fit for this description.
Question 4 of 5
The client is receiving oxytocin (Pitocin) for induction of labor. Which assessment finding will most likely result in the nurse stopping the infusion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oxytocin induces labor by stimulating uterine contractions, but excessive use can cause hyperstimulation, leading to continuous, sustained contractions . This risks uterine rupture or fetal distress, necessitating immediate cessation of the infusion to protect mother and baby. Transition is a labor stage, not a reason to stop unless complications arise. Strong contractions are expected, and regular contractions every 2-3 minutes are normal for labor induction. The nurse stops the infusion for sustained contractions due to their potential for catastrophic outcomes, making choice A the most likely trigger based on oxytocin's safety profile.
Question 5 of 5
Potential causes for respiratory alkalosis include
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.