ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 63-year-old man presents to the emergency department with altered mental status after ingesting an entire bottle of acetaminophen. The patient's heart rate is 120 beats/minute, blood pressure is 100/58 mm Hg, and respiration rate is 28/minute. His aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase are 4,128 IU and 3,978 IU, respectively. What is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acetaminophen overdose with liver failure (elevated AST/ALT) needs N-acetylcysteine , restoring glutathione to detoxify NAPQI. Ammonium chloride and flumazenil are irrelevant. Naloxone treats opioids. Sodium bicarbonate (E) doesn't apply. N-acetylcysteine is critical.
Question 2 of 5
Most β blockers:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Most beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol, metoprolol) have half-lives of 3-10 hours, a true statement reflecting their typical duration, useful for dosing frequency. They have a large, not small, volume of distribution due to tissue penetration, so that's false. Many have good oral bioavailability, not poor, especially non-selective ones. Lipid solubility varies (e.g., propranolol is high, atenolol low), but many cross the BBB, causing CNS effects, though not universally true. They're often metabolized, not excreted unchanged. The half-life range is a key pharmacokinetic feature, guiding their use in hypertension or angina.
Question 3 of 5
A 20-year-old female with a history of substance abuse has delivered a child whose weight is less than the 10th percentile. Other findings include small head and flat midface. The patient has an atrial septal defect. Which of the following substances may have caused these symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) from alcohol causes growth restriction, microcephaly, flat midface, and cardiac defects. Cocaine , Marijuana , Opioids , and Tobacco (E) don't fully match. Alcohol's teratogenicity explains the infant's features.
Question 4 of 5
The patient has generalized anxiety disorder. He asks the nurse, 'Will I need medication for this? My neighbor is very nervous and he takes medication.' What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Medication for GAD (e.g., SSRIs) is warranted when anxiety disrupts daily function-quality of life-not universally or compared to others, a tailored approach. Meds as lifestyle is extreme. Initial meds then therapy assumes progression, not individual need. ‘Probably not' dismisses severity. Quality of life guides treatment, per guidelines.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with elevated lipid levels has a new prescription for nicotinic acid (niacin). The nurse informs the patient that which adverse effects may occur with this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin, is commonly associated with adverse effects of pruritus (itching) and cutaneous flushing (reddening of the skin). These effects are often dose-related and can be minimized if the medication is taken with food or slowly titrated up. Tinnitus and urine with a burnt odor are not typically associated with nicotinic acid. Myalgia (muscle pain) and fatigue are more commonly seen with statin medications rather than niacin. Blurred vision and headaches are not commonly reported side effects of nicotinic acid either.