ATI RN
Pharmacology Across the Lifespan Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 62-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for follow-up. He has a history of an atrial arrhythmia. He takes multiple medications but does not know the names of them. He now complains of headache, dizziness, and tinnitus. Which one of the following antiarrhythmic drugs is the most likely cause?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
A 33-year-old woman patient needs to be anesthetized before a dilation and curettage for abnormal uterine bleeding. Her anesthesia is induced initially with an inhaled, nonflammable anesthetic that contains no halogenated carbons. Of the following, which agent best fits this description?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
A 20-year-old woman comes to the emergency department after ingesting at least 30 tablets of an unknown drug. Initial physical examination shows no abnormalities. Thirty-six hours later, serum AST activity is 1500 U/L, and serum ALT activity is 2000 U/L. The drug this patient ingested is most likely which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated AST and ALT (1500 and 2000 U/L) 36 hours post-ingestion indicate acute liver injury, characteristic of acetaminophen overdose. Acetaminophen is metabolized to NAPQI, which depletes glutathione and causes centrilobular hepatic necrosis if untreateAspirin causes salicylism (tinnitus, acidosis), chlorpheniramine sedation, ibuprofen GI upset, and prednisone (E) adrenal suppression—none primarily cause delayed hepatotoxicity like this.
Question 4 of 5
A 47-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital for treatment of pneumococcal pneumoniTreatment with gentamicin and penicillin is initiateWithin 10 minutes of the administration of antimicrobial therapy, her respirations increase to 30/min, and blood pressure decreases to 80/40 mm Hg. Epinephrine, antihistamine, and corticosteroid therapy is starteHer condition improves slowly during the next 2 hours. Her antimicrobial therapy is changed to gentamicin only, and her condition continues to improve. Administration of which of the following types of drugs is most likely to cause a similar adverse reaction in this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The acute reaction (tachypnea, hypotension) post-penicillin, relieved by epinephrine and antihistamines, indicates an anaphylactic response to penicillin, a beta-lactam. Cephalosporins (A), also beta-lactams, have cross-reactivity (5-10%) with penicillin allergies, risking a similar reaction. Macrolides (B), quinolones (C), and tetracyclines lack this structural similarity and rarely cause anaphylaxis.
Question 5 of 5
Enteric coated acetylsalicylic acid has been prescribed for a patient to treat chronic arthritis. The patient calls the clinic nurse because of gagging and difficulty swallowing the tablets. What response would the nurse give to the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.