ATI RN
health assessment exam 1 test bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
A 60-year-old woman is undergoing a mammogram. The nurse explains that the procedure is done to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because mammograms are specifically designed to detect abnormal growths or tumors in the breast tissue, particularly in the early stages of breast cancer. This is crucial for early detection and effective treatment. Choice B is incorrect because mammograms are not used to identify changes in hormone levels. Choice C is incorrect because mammograms do not evaluate lung function related to breast cancer. Choice D is incorrect because mammograms do not assess for signs of osteoporosis; a bone density scan is typically used for that purpose.
Question 2 of 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic liver disease. The nurse should monitor for signs of which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Jaundice. In chronic liver disease, impaired liver function can result in the accumulation of bilirubin leading to jaundice. Jaundice is characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes. Monitoring for jaundice is crucial in assessing the progression of liver disease. B: Hypoglycemia is not a common complication of chronic liver disease. Liver plays a role in glycogen storage and glucose production, so hypoglycemia is less likely. C: Hyperglycemia is more commonly associated with conditions like diabetes rather than chronic liver disease. The liver's role in glucose regulation may be impaired, but hyperglycemia is not a typical complication. D: Anemia is not directly related to liver disease, although it may occur as a secondary complication due to factors like decreased production of certain blood components. Monitoring for anemia is important, but jaundice is a more specific complication of chronic liver disease.
Question 3 of 9
A patient is admitted to the hospital with suspected pneumoniWhat is the first step the nurse should take in the nursing process?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assessment. The first step in the nursing process is to assess the patient's condition to gather data and information. In this case, assessing the patient's symptoms, vital signs, and history will help the nurse identify signs of pneumonia and determine the appropriate interventions. Diagnosis (A) comes after assessment, as it involves analyzing the data collected. Implementation (C) and Evaluation (D) are subsequent steps in the nursing process after assessment and diagnosis have been completed. Assessment is crucial for developing an effective care plan and ensuring the best possible outcomes for the patient.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse is unable to identify any changes in sound when percussing over the abdomen of an obese patient. What should the nurse do next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Use less force to percuss over the abdomen. When percussing an obese patient's abdomen, more force may not be effective due to the increased tissue thickness. Using less force allows for better transmission of sound waves through the tissues, improving the nurse's ability to assess for changes in sound. Asking the patient to take deep breaths (choice A) may help relax the abdominal muscles but won't address the issue of increased tissue thickness. Considering it a normal finding (choice B) without attempting to improve assessment techniques could lead to missed abnormalities. Using more force (choice D) can be uncomfortable for the patient and may still not produce clear sounds due to the tissue barrier.
Question 5 of 9
Which technique should be used to assess a murmur in a patient's heart?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The diaphragm of the stethoscope. The diaphragm is used to assess heart murmurs as it allows for higher-frequency sounds to be heard more clearly. When assessing heart murmurs, using the diaphragm helps to differentiate between systolic and diastolic murmurs, as well as to identify specific characteristics such as intensity and location. A: The bell of the stethoscope is used for low-frequency sounds and would not be ideal for assessing heart murmurs. C: Palpation with the palm of the hand is used to assess pulses and vibrations, not heart murmurs. D: Asking another nurse to double-check the finding is important for validation but does not directly relate to the technique used to assess a heart murmur.
Question 6 of 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse should monitor for signs of which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Respiratory failure. Patients with COPD are at risk for respiratory failure due to impaired gas exchange and respiratory muscle weakness. This can lead to hypoxia and hypercapnia. Monitoring for signs such as increased work of breathing, decreased oxygen saturation, and altered mental status is crucial. Hypoglycemia (A) is not a common complication of COPD. Hyperkalemia (C) is less likely to occur in COPD unless the patient is on medications that can cause elevated potassium levels. Anemia (D) may be present in COPD due to chronic inflammation, but it is not a direct complication that requires monitoring for signs of respiratory failure.
Question 7 of 9
A nurse is assessing a patient with chronic kidney disease. The nurse should prioritize which of the following lab values?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serum creatinine levels. In patients with chronic kidney disease, monitoring serum creatinine levels is crucial because it reflects kidney function. An increase in creatinine levels indicates worsening kidney function. Hemoglobin levels (B) are important in assessing anemia, common in CKD, but not the priority. White blood cell count (C) and platelet count (D) may indicate infection or bleeding, respectively, but are not specific to kidney function in this context.
Question 8 of 9
A 19-year-old woman comes to the clinic at the insistence of her brother. She is wearing black combat boots and a black lace nightgown over her other clothes. Her hair is dyed pink with black streaks. She has several piercings in her nares and ears and is wearing an earring on her eyebrow and heavy black makeup. The nurse concludes that:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because more information should be gathered to assess the situation appropriately. The woman's appearance may suggest alternative lifestyles or personal expression rather than mental health issues. It is essential to avoid assumptions based solely on appearance and gather a comprehensive history to understand her choices. Options A and B are dismissive and judgmental, failing to consider the complexity of human behavior. Option C is incorrect as the presented information does not provide enough evidence to diagnose manic syndrome. In summary, option D is the most logical and ethical approach to understanding the woman's situation without making unfounded assumptions.
Question 9 of 9
In the socioenvironmental model, the focus of the health care provider includes:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because in the socioenvironmental model, the health care provider aims to help the patient view health as a resource. This approach emphasizes empowering patients to take control of their health by recognizing it as an asset that enables them to lead fulfilling lives. By focusing on health as a resource, the provider encourages positive health behaviors and preventive measures. A, changing the patient's perceptions of disease, is incorrect because the socioenvironmental model does not solely target disease perceptions but rather prioritizes health promotion. B, identification of biomedical model interventions, is incorrect as the socioenvironmental model places more emphasis on holistic and social determinants of health rather than solely biomedical interventions. C, identifying the negative health behaviors of the patient, is also incorrect as the model aims to address health behaviors in a positive and empowering way rather than focusing solely on negatives.