ATI RN
Pharmacology of CNS Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 60-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for a new patient appointment. He is taking several drugs for his medical conditions. One of his medical conditions is hypertension, for which he takes a drug that acts on \(\alpha_2\)-receptors to lower blood pressure. Which of the following drugs is this?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
A 27-year-old man is prescribed with an antidepressant for seasonal affective disorder. This particular antidepressant may also help him quit smoking. Which of the following antidepressants is he likely taking?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is a pure opioid antagonist:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A pure opioid antagonist binds opioid receptors (primarily mu) without activating them, reversing agonist effects. Naloxone (choice C) is the gold standard, used in opioid overdose to rapidly reverse respiratory depression and sedation by competitively blocking receptors. Methadone (choice A) is a full mu agonist, used for pain and addiction maintenance, not antagonism. Nalbuphine (choice B) is a mixed agonist-antagonist, with kappa agonism and mu antagonism, not pure. Buprenorphine (choice D) is a partial mu agonist with high affinity, used in addiction treatment, not a pure antagonist. Naloxone's pure antagonistic action distinguishes it, making it essential in emergencies to counteract opioid toxicity, unlike mixed or agonist drugs.
Question 4 of 5
The common mechanism of action of NSAIDs is inhibition of the following enzyme:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, aspirin) inhibit cyclo-oxygenase (COX) enzymes (choice B), reducing prostaglandin synthesis, which mediates inflammation, pain, and fever. Cholinesterase (choice A) is targeted by anticholinesterases, not NSAIDs. Lipo-oxygenase (choice C) produces leukotrienes, unaffected by most NSAIDs. Phosphodiesterase (choice D) relates to cAMP, irrelevant here. COX inhibition is the unifying mechanism, critical for understanding NSAID effects and side effects like GI irritation.
Question 5 of 5
Morphine is useful in treatment of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morphine treats acute abdominal pain (choice A), like postoperative pain, via mu agonism, though diagnosis is key due to masking. Head injury (choice B) contraindicates it due to respiratory depression and ICP rise. Bronchial asthma (choice C) worsens with respiratory suppression. Neurogenic shock (choice D) isn't a primary indication. Acute pain aligns with morphine's analgesic role.