A 6-year-old boy cuts his hand on the training wheel of his bicycle. The wound is 1.5 cm in size and the bleeding stops with direct pressure. One of the steps of blood clotting involved platelet aggregation through activation of collagen. Platelet release of granules is mediated by the release of mediators. Which of the following mediators, if activated, will likely cause bleeding to continue?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Platelet aggregation stops bleeding, but serotonin is correct-if defective, bleeding persists. ADP , Thrombin , and Thromboxane A2 (E) promote clotting. Dopamine is unrelated. Serotonin's vasoconstrictive role, if impaired, could prolong bleeding, though less critical than others here.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Monitoring weight daily (A) helps assess fluid balance, as sudden changes may indicate fluid retention or loss. Thirst (B) is an early sign of mild dehydration. Monitoring intake and output (C) is essential to evaluate fluid status. Avoiding calcium and chloride supplements (D) is not relevant to fluid replacement. Reviewing electrolyte labs (E) is important but not part of routine health teaching for fluid replacement.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Heparin is an anticoagulant medication used to prevent blood clots. If a patient on heparin therapy experiences excessive bleeding or needs to quickly reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin, the antidote is protamine sulfate. Protamine sulfate works by neutralizing the effects of heparin by forming a complex with it. It is important for healthcare providers to have protamine sulfate readily available when managing patients on heparin therapy to effectively reverse its anticoagulant effects in emergency situations.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Antiemetic drugs are medications used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting. Therefore, the main action of antiemetic drugs is to prevent vomiting, making option E the correct answer. Antiemetic drugs work by reducing or blocking the signals to the vomiting center in the brain, thus helping to alleviate the symptoms of nausea and prevent vomiting.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Intranasal corticosteroids (e.g., fluticasone) can cause burning and nosebleeds due to mucosal drying . They're preventive, not symptom-driven (choice B is wrong), and dosing is fixed, not squeeze-dependent . Choice D educates on a common, manageable side effect, ensuring client awareness and compliance.