ATI RN
Pediatric NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 6 months old boy presents with respiratory distress and feeding difficulty. On examination heart rate is 130/min and there is a pansystolic murmur at left lower sternal border. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) commonly presents with a pansystolic murmur and symptoms of congestive heart failure in infancy.
Question 2 of 5
A 12-year-old male adolescent, recently diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma, shows left cervical and supraclavicular lymph node involvement and drenching night sweats. Based on Ann Arbor Classification, the patient is classified as
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Involvement of two lymph node regions above the diaphragm with systemic symptoms corresponds to stage IIB.
Question 3 of 5
Which is a common childhood communicable disease that may cause severe defects in the fetus when it occurs in its congenital form?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rubella is a common childhood communicable disease that can cause severe defects in the fetus when a pregnant woman contracts the infection, leading to congenital rubella syndrome. This syndrome can result in various abnormalities in the developing fetus, such as hearing loss, vision problems, heart defects, and intellectual disabilities. Rubella is particularly dangerous when contracted during the first trimester of pregnancy, leading to a higher risk of complications for the unborn child. Therefore, Rubella is a significant public health concern due to its potential impact on fetal development and the importance of vaccination to prevent its spread.
Question 4 of 5
Achild has a chronic cough, no retractions but diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiration. This suggests which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The presence of a chronic cough, along with diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiration, suggests asthma. Asthma is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, causing symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing. The wheezing sound typically occurs during expiration due to air trapping in the narrowed airways. In this case, the absence of retractions (which could indicate increased work of breathing) and the nature of the wheezing pattern are more consistent with asthma rather than other conditions such as pneumonia, croup, or foreign body aspiration. While these other conditions may also present with respiratory symptoms, the specific combination of chronic cough and expiratory wheezing is most indicative of asthma in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A one-month-old patient, who has developmental dysplasia of the hip, is placed in a hip spica cast. The patient's mother expresses the desire to continue breastfeeding. What is the pediatric nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Breastfeeding can continue even with a hip spica cast, but proper positioning is essential to ensure comfort for both the infant and the mother.