ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Review Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 6 -g, breast-fed white female, weeks' gestational age, is noted to have persistent hyperbilirubinemia at weeks of age On physical examination, the infant has not gained weight since birth and has decreased tone, an umbilical hernia, and an anterior fontanel measuring X 6 cm The most likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypothyroidism can present with prolonged jaundice, poor weight gain, decreased tone, and enlarged fontanelles
Question 2 of 5
Head banging, hair twirling, rocking, thumb sucking, teeth grinding, and nail biting all are
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These behaviors are classified as habit disorders, which often serve as self-soothing mechanisms to relieve tension or anxiety. They are not necessarily indicative of poor parenting or tics.
Question 3 of 5
Jaundice appearing on day of life suggests all of the above EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fetal-to-maternal transfusion would not cause jaundice in the newborn
Question 4 of 5
The acute effects of radiation therapy (occurring less than 3 months after therapy begins) are usually related to the area of the body being irradiated. Of the following, the MOST severe acute reaction is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cerebral edema is a severe and potentially life-threatening acute reaction to radiation therapy, particularly in brain irradiation. Other effects, though significant, are generally less severe.
Question 5 of 5
A preterm neonate has a sudden onset of abdominal distension, bloody stools, and feeding intolerance. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening condition in preterm infants characterized by intestinal inflammation, leading to distension, bloody stools, and potential perforation. Risk factors include prematurity and enteral feeds.