ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 59-year-old man with Parkinson's disease begins a course of bromocriptine in hopes of improving his significant symptoms of cogwheel rigidity and bradykinesia. After being on the medication for 6 months, a renal ultrasound is obtained that reveals bilateral hydronephrosis and elevation of his serum creatinine to 2.5 mg/dL. What is the most likely explanation for these findings?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, can cause retroperitoneal fibrosis, leading to ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis.
Question 2 of 5
The mechanism of action of barbiturates differs from that of benzodiazepines in that they
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Barbiturates directly mimic GABA at high doses and enhance its action at lower doses unlike benzodiazepines.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following drugs has been associated with Reye's syndrome in children?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aspirin (choice A) is linked to Reye's syndrome, a rare liver/brain disorder in children post-viral infection. Acetaminophen (choice B), Ibuprofen (choice C), and Naproxen (choice D) aren't associated. This contraindication limits aspirin's pediatric use.
Question 4 of 5
A 34-year-old woman with chronic irritable bowel syndrome with predominance of diarrhea and left lower quadrant pain begins smoking in response to the numerous stresses in her personal and professional life. She smokes one pack per day. She presents to her primary care physician for treatment of her irritable bowel syndrome. The physician expects a change in which of the following symptoms of her irritable bowel syndrome?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nicotine can exacerbate diarrhea in patients with irritable bowel syndrome, particularly those with diarrhea-predominant IBS.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse has initiated teaching for a family member of a patient with Alzheimer disease. The nurse realizes more teaching is needed if the family member makes which statement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because Alzheimer's disease currently has no cure. Step 1: Alzheimer's is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that worsens over time, leading to memory loss (A). Step 2: The exact cause is unknown, with various theories proposed (B). Step 3: Behavioral symptoms like personality changes, wandering, and aggression are common (C). Step 4: There is no cure for Alzheimer's; current treatments aim to manage symptoms and slow progression, not cure the disease (D). The other options are accurate statements related to Alzheimer's disease, making them incorrect choices in this context.