ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 58-year-old woman who is obese comes to the emergency department with diaphoresis and crushing chest pain that radiates to her left arm. The physician orders an ECG and checks her cardiac enzymes to confirm his suspicion of myocardial infarction. Because of the quick response and intervention, she survives and is ultimately discharged with a prescription for low-dose daily aspirin to inhibit platelet aggregation. Which of the following enzymes is the intended target of aspirin in this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
The physician has prescribed sertraline (Zoloft) for the patient who is anxious and depressed. The patient calls the nurse to report that he has experienced delayed ejaculation since being on this medication. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sertraline, an SSRI, commonly causes sexual dysfunction, including delayed ejaculation, affecting up to 70% of patients due to increased serotonin levels impacting sexual response. This side effect can significantly affect quality of life, making it a valid concern warranting physician notification , as the doctor might adjust the dose or switch to a drug with fewer sexual side effects, like bupropion. Choice B minimizes the patient's experience, prioritizing depression over well-being, which could reduce compliance. Choice C assumes a drastic outcome (suicide) without evidence, escalating unnecessarily. Choice D inaccurately suggests spontaneous resolution, which is rare without intervention. The nurse's best action is to advocate for the patient by informing the physician, ensuring a tailored treatment plan, making choice A the most patient-centered and proactive response.
Question 3 of 5
Which drug is most likely to be ordered for the client with herpes simplex virus?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Herpes simplex virus requires antiviral therapy, and acyclovir inhibits viral DNA replication, reducing symptom duration and severity, making it the standard treatment. Zidovudine targets HIV, not HSV. Nystatin is antifungal, ineffective against viruses. Metronidazole treats bacterial/protozoal infections. Acyclovir's specificity for HSV, backed by clinical guidelines, ensures targeted therapy, making A the most likely drug ordered for effective management.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client receiving gentamicin (Garamycin) IV. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for most closely?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside, treats severe infections but is ototoxic, risking hearing loss via cochlear damage, a serious, potentially irreversible effect. The nurse must monitor closely (e.g., assess for tinnitus, vertigo) to catch it early, prompting discontinuation. Rash suggests allergy but is less frequent and manageable. Nausea and diarrhea occur but are transient and less critical than auditory damage. Gentamicin's narrow therapeutic index and accumulation in inner ear tissues make ototoxicity the priority, especially with IV dosing where levels peak. Early detection prevents permanent disability, aligning with vigilant nursing care for nephrotoxic and ototoxic drugs, making C the adverse effect to watch most closely.
Question 5 of 5
Cardiac failure:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.